Soil-applied dolomitic limestone and fertilizer affected the level of certain root and leaf ginsenosides in 4-year-old American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.); however, ginsenoside accumulations in the roots and in the leaves often were not similar. Root and leaf ginsenoside production tended to differ in its response to soil fertility (SF) factors and root tissue nutrient (RN) elements. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often correlated with SF factors and RN elements than that of root ginsenosides, the response of both ginsenoside sources was greater to RN than SF status. Leaf ginsenoside content was positively correlated with the SF factors and RN elements to a greater degree than that of root ginsenosides. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often affected by the same chemical element in the soil and in root tissue than that of root ginsenosides. There was no correlation between the level of any ginsenoside measured in root tissue and the same ginsenoside in leaf tissue.

Soil applications of dolomitic limestone and P fertilizer before seeding American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) affected root weight (RW) gain during the first 4 years of growth. At the end of each growing season, root size was greatest with the intermediate liming rate and with the high P rate. Lime resulted in positive linear responses in soil pH, K, Ca, and Mg and in root N, P, Ca, and Mg and curvilinear responses in soil Mn and Zn and in root K, Mn, and Zn. Applied P had a positive linear effect on soil Na and on root N, Ca, and Fe and a curvilinear effect on soil P and on root P and Ca. Terminal RW was positively correlated with soil pH, K, Ca, Mg, and Na and with root P, K, Ca, and Mg; RW was negatively correlated with root Mn and Zn. Regression analyses implicated only soil Ca and Na and root Mg and Zn as significant terms in prediction equations,

Broccoli plants (Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica Plenk) were grown in an air-conditioned, 22°/18°C day/night temperature, greenhouse in the Southeastern Plant Environmental Laboratories in Raleigh, N.C. Seedlings 6 to 33 days from seeding were exposed to cold treatments of −3° to −5° or +1° to +2° for periods of 7 to 34 days, then returned to higher temperatures. Days from seeding to flowering were determined. Plants 13 or more days from seeding and exposed to 14 or more days of cold treatment were induced to flower earlier than untreated plants. The critical stem size for cold inductions was 5 to 8 mm diameter. Susceptible plants weighed 4 to 50 g at the beginning of the cold treatment phase. Plants outside that range were nonsusceptible.

Marketable yield increase of 100% resulted from trellising fresh market cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) over a 3-year period. Fruit were a more uniform, dark green color and graded more Fancy and fewer Culls. Fungicidal control of scab (causal agents Cladosporium cucumerinum Ell. & Arth.) was improved by trellising and losses to soil rot (causal agentsRhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Pythium spp.) were eliminated. Suggested reasons for improved yield and quality from trellising include less damage to vines, greater photosynthetic efficiency, improved pest control, and more efficient harvesting.

Azide as NaN3 or KN3 impregnated on clay granules gave excellent control of yellow nutsedge (Cypetus esculentus L.) compared to methyl isothiocyanate combined with chlorinated C3 hydrocarbons (Vorlex) or a non-hand weeded control. Nematode control was obtained with all treatments. Significant yield responses from the use of azide were obtained with all crops.