Two-way seamless communication is the key aspect of realizing the vision of smart grid. There are several standardized wired and wireless communication technologies available for various smart grid applications. With the recent growth in wireless communication, it can offer standardized technologies for wide area, metropolitan area, local area, and personal area networks. Moreover, wireless technologies not only offer significant benefits over wired, such as including low installation cost, rapid deployment, mobility, etc., but also more suitable for remote end applications. Several activities are going on to explore specific applications of these technologies in smart grid environment. This paper presents various smart grid applications achieved through standardized wireless communication technologies, e.g. IEEE 802.11 based wireless LAN, IEEE 802.16 based WiMAX, 3G/4G cellular, ZigBee based on IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.20 based MobileFi, etc. Moreover, challenges related to each wireless communication technologies have been discussed in brief.

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An adaptive system for protecting a distribution network should determine and implement relay settings that are most appropriate for the prevailing state of the power system. This paper presents a technique for determining cbordinated relay settings. The technique uses the Simplex two-phase method; Phase I determines whether the constraints selected for illustrating the conditionality between primary and back up relays are feasible, and Phase II finds the optimal relay settings. A looped distribution system, protected by directional overcurrent relays, war; used for testing the technique. The tests were conducted in a laboratory environment: some results from those tests are reported in the paper.

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