The first catalytic and highly enantioselective synthesis of tribenzothiepin derivatives was achieved. Two types of intermolecular cycloadditions using either diphenyl-sulfide-tethered diynes or 2-phenyl sulfanylbenzene-tethered diynes with a monoalkyne successfully gave chiral multisubstituted tribenzothiepins in good to excellent ee values under mild conditions. The inversion energy of this saddle-shaped molecule was calculated by measurement of the racemization rate of chiral tribenzothiepins using the Eyring kinetic equation under heating conditions. The present protocol could also be used to prepare a chiral tribenzoselenepin.
The Ir-catalyzed intramolecular reaction of 2',6'-diaryl-2-(hydrosilyl)biphenyls gave substituted tribenzosilepins by direct dehydrogenative C-H/Si-H coupling. This is the first example of catalytic construction of the tribenzosilepin skeleton. Enantiomerically pure tribenzosilepin was prepared by optical resolution using chiral HPLC, and its inversion barrier was calculated by measurement of rate of racemization using the Eyring kinetic equation under heating conditions.
Bowl‐shaped chiral homotriazacalixarenes were prepared by the cyclization reactions of chiral triamines with three equimolar amounts of bis(chloromethyl) phenols or bis(chloromethyl) phenol‐formaldehyde dimers in moderate yields. The corresponding acyclic phenol‐formaldehyde oligomers were also synthesized. The structural analysis of the macrocycles by nmr and circular dichroism spectra imply the existence of chiral transmission from the point chirality of the cysteine bridge to the cyclophane moiety. Their cyclic and acyclic compounds have a π‐base cavity large enough to include the ammonium ion.
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