Background:The outbreak of Chikungunya in India started during December 2005 with more than 11,00,000 cases. Many cases with symptoms suggestive of Chikungunya reported to our urban health-training centre. Hence this study was done to estimate the prevalence of Chikungunya, to study the common treatment-seeking behavior, control measures and the sequalae of Chikungunya by follow-up.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was done in Anagaputhur an urban field practice area of our college. The study was done on a sample selected by systematic random sampling. Any person with fever and joint pain, with an onset from 1 August 2006 to 31 August 2006, were enrolled as cases. The cases were followed up after three months.Results:Chikungunya prevalence in the community was 22.3%; 52% of them were females and 56% of cases were in the 15-44 years age group. Median duration of acute phase was three days. Ninety-one percent of them had multiple joints’ involvement. Seventy-eight percent sought treatment from the private sector. Sixty-seven percent reported artificial collections of water around their household and 44% complained of mosquito problems during the day. Eighty-eight percent used mosquito repellents for personal protection. On follow-up 95% of them had residual joint pain, 43% had residual joint swelling and 11% had disabilities with median duration of 30 days.Conclusions:Prevalence of Chikungunya was 22.3%, predominantly affecting the age group of 15-44 years and females. The private sector was commonly sought for treatment. Entomological survey indicated Aedes breeding. Eleven percent had disabilities due to the sequelae.

Background: Nearly 69.2 million people were living with diabetes as per 2015 WHO data. Prevalence of diabetes in Chennai is always on the rise and it nearly around 12%. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and also to study about the uncontrolled diabetes among known case of diabetes.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive record based study done on 1361 adult population attending medical camps in various locations of South Chennai. The data regarding capillary blood sugar (CBG), age, gender, place, type of treatment and duration of treatment were collected from the camp register. A RBS Glucometer value of >200 mg/dl was defined as having diabetic. Descriptive analysis and chi square test done to see the statistical significance between various parameters. T test was done to compare the mean RBS values between various variables.Results: Among the study population nearly 62.9% were females. The mean age of the study population was 49.8±13.3 years. Nearly 22% were known case of diabetics and 10.3% were newly diagnosed diabetics. The mean random blood sugar of the study population is 174.3±95.3 mg/dl. 65.4% of the known case of diabetics had uncontrolled sugar values of >200 mg/dl. The prevalence of diabetes in age group >50 years (43.9%) and <50 years (20.3%) [p=0.0001]. The mean blood sugar values among patients taking treatment in government (283.5 mg/dl) versus private (249.2 mg/dl) [p=0.0001, among known diabetics (262.5 mg/dl) versus new diabetics (296.6 mg/dl) [p=0.002].Conclusions: The prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes was 10.3% and uncontrolled diabetes among known case is 65.4%. So more screening camps for early detection of diabetes and organizing health awareness programmes are needed in this population to reduce the disease burden.

Background: Diabetes and hypertension are among the most common non-communicable diseases affecting our population. They are the important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aims and objectives of the study were to determine the burden of diabetes and hypertension among people attending health camps in an urban area of Kancheepuram district. Formulation of suitable preventive measures based on the inferences from the study.Methods: A cross- sectional record based study was done on 825 people attending medical camps conducted by Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, in Anakaputhur area of Kancheepuram district. The data regarding Random Blood Sugar (RBS) level, blood pressure level, age, and gender were collected from the camp register (January and February, 2017). A random blood sugar (RBS) value of >200 mg/dl in a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycaemia or hyperglycaemic crisis was defined as having diabetes. Blood pressure level equal to or greater than 140/90mm Hg was defined as having hypertension. Descriptive analysis and Chi square test was done to see the statistical association between various parameters. Results: Of the total study population of 825 people, 215 were males and 610 were females. The overall burden of diabetes and hypertension among the study population was 10.7% and 6.4% respectively. Co-existence of both diabetes and hypertension was seen in 5.7% of people. Conclusions: To reduce the disease burden due to diabetes and hypertension, primary prevention measures such as health education regarding adoption of healthy lifestyle should be instituted. Interventions such as screening and early initiation of treatment should also be made for controlling the diseases and preventing its complications.

Background: As per the International Diabetes Federation (2013), nearly 65.1 million people were living in India with diabetes. Prevalence of diabetes in Tamil Nadu, especially around Chennai is rising and is a major public health challenge. Aim and Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and to compare the prevalence in relation to gender, age and area. Methodology: A cross-sectional record based study done on 1056 people attending medical camps conducted by Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital , in various locations of South Chennai.The data regarding Random Blood Sugar (RBS), age, gender and camp site were collected from the camp register (October 2014 to June 2015). An RBS glucometer value of > 200 mg/dl was defined as having diabetic. Descriptive analysis and Chi square test done to see the statistical significance between various parameters. Results: Among study population, 453 (42.9%) were males and 603 (57.1%) females. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 11.8%. Tambaram area showed highest prevalence of 27.3%. Prevalence in males (12.4%) versus females (11.4%) [p-0.647], above 45 years (12.6%) versus below 45 years (10.4%) [p-0.303], and urban (13.2%) versus rural (11%) [p-0.291]. Mean RBS values > 45 years (141.21) versus < 45 years (122.57) [p-0.0001]. Positive correlation between age and blood sugar levels were observed (r = 0.07; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes was 11.8% which is higher than the existing documented prevalence of 10.4%. Hence more awareness creation and preventive measures needs to be targeted in this population to reduce the disease burden.

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