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A 2D photonic crystal based biosensor using rhombic ring resonator is proposed and designed for monitoring the concentrations of glucose. The optical characteristics of rhombic ring resonator is analyzed and predicted by Finite Difference Time Domain method. A new structure of rhombic ring resonator is formed by utilizing bi-periodicity in the design of 2D silicon PC slab in hexagonal lattice with the size of 10 µm and 12µm in X and Z direction, respectively. The sensing parameters are observed in the rhombic ring resonator which are completely depends on the refractive indices of the material used. Thereby the concentrations of glucose can be monitored. The determined sensing parameters such as resonant wavelength is about 1546 nm, quality factor is of 178.5, higher sensitivity of 1000nm/RIU and 100% of transmission efficiency is also achieved.

A 2D photonic crystal based force sensor using paralleloid ring resonator is proposed and designed for sensing the force. An elastooptic effect method is utilized to analyze the force which persist over photonic crystal. The optical characteristics of paralleloid ring resonator is analyzed and predicted by Finite Difference Time Domain method. A new structure of paralleloid ring resonator is formed by introducing the line defects as waveguide in the design of 2D silicon PC slab in hexagonal lattice with the size of 10µm and 12µm in X and Z direction, respectively. The sensing parameters are observed in the ring resonator which are completely depends on the refractive indices of the material used. Thereby the force can be sensed. The determined sensing parameters such as resonant wavelength is about 1470nm, quality factor is of 145.5 and 100% of transmission efficiency is also achieved.