Introduction. Simple nephrectomy is used for non-cancer diseases. That is, when the preservation of the kidney is unreasonable or dangerous. Since simple nephrectomy is a typical organ-delivering surgery, it is possible to optimize the perioperative period to reduce hospitalization and disability. The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of simple laparoscopic nephrectomy using the enchanted recovery protocol and the standard approach. Materials and methods. A prospective randomized multicenter study included 27 patients with an established diagnosis of a non-functioning kidney, who were treated in the period 2018–2021 in urological hospitals in the city of Irkutsk. All patients were divided into two comparison groups: STANDART group (group I, n=14) and ENCHANCED RECOVERY group (group II, n=13). Results. Primary efficacy was comparable (p=0.892). It was found that the level of complications of class III according to Clavien-Dindo was statistically comparable in both groups (p>0.05), and the level of complications of class II was significantly higher in group I (p<0.05). When comparing the duration of hospitalization, there is a significantly (p <0.001) longer stay of patients in group I (9.5±2.2 days) compared to group II (1.0±0.0 days). Subjective satisfaction with the treatment performed (upon requesting a critical analysis of all possible complaints) was comparable and amounted to 57.1% for group I and 100% for group II (p=0.342). When conducting a logistic regression analysis for postoperative febrile condition, according to multivariate regression, the volume of intraoperative infusion was found to be a significant predictor (for each +1 ml; OR 0.003; 95% CI 0.0001; 0.005; p = 0.042); for postoperative pain syndrome >5 VAS points – increase in the size of the surgical approach per 1 mm (OR 0.14; 95% CI -0.01; 0.307; p = 0.077); for satisfaction with treatment, a negative effect of the duration of the postoperative stay was found (for each +1 day; OR -1.08; 95% CI -2.32; 0.15; p = 0.086). Conclusion. Simple laparoscopic nephrectomy under the enchanted recovery protocol allows achieving similar treatment results without increasing the risk of readmission or reoperation, but with the achievement of a better subjective and objective postoperative status of the patient.

The current approach in the surgical treatment of ureteral calculi involves the use of endourological procedures such as retrograde ureteroscopy with lithotripsy or percutaneous antegrade lithotripsy in the proximal ureter. Ureterolithotomy as a treatment method is of an auxiliary nature and is used when endourological intervention is impossible or in case of intraoperative collisions during access conversion. However, there are several comparative studies on lithotripsy and lithotomy.The aim. Comparative analysis of the outcomes of laparoscopic lithotomy and retrograde lithotripsy in the surgical treatment of proximal ureteral calculi, as well as the search for predictors of prolonged disability.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized multicenter study included 53 patients with an established diagnosis of ureterolithiasis who were treated in the period 2018–2021 in urological hospitals in Irkutsk. All patients were divided into two comparison groups: Lithotomy group (group 1; n = 30) and Lithotripsy group (group 2; n = 23).Results. When analyzing the results of the study, it was found that the level of complications of class II–III according to Clavien – Dindo was statistically comparable in both groups (p > 0.05). However, in absolute and relative terms, the prevalence of this indicator was noted during retrograde ureterolithotripsy. According to hard endpoints (reoperation, presence of residual stones or migration during the operation), 29 (96.6 %) patients of group 1 and 17 (73.4 %) patients of group 2 (p = 0.514) were successfully operated on.Conclusion. Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy may be offered to patients with large proximal ureteral stones as an alternative treatment option with better residual stone freedom but generally similar overall outcomes and complication rates.