Modern functional diagnostics methods for the respiratory system in children (Part 1. Methods based on the study of tidal breathing in children) This review provides up-to-date information on practically significant functional diagnostics methods of the respiratory system in children, taking into account their physiological capabilities. In the published first part of the review, attention is paid to methods based on the study of tidal breathing in young children (tidal breathing flow-volume, computer bronchophonography, pulse oscillometry); this information is intended for functional diagnostics doctors, pulmonologists, neonatologists and pediatricians.
The article analyzes the potential of using impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of respiratory disorders in children with oncological and hematological diseases after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of parameters of impulse oscillometry and spirometry before and on Days 30, 90, 180 and 360 after HSCT was carried out. It was revealed that pulmonary ventilation function impairments are quite common in this group of patients, worsening significantly by month 3 of follow-up. An increase in reactance at a frequency of 5 Hz is one of the earliest signs of impaired respiratory function, which can be used for timely diagnosis of pulmonary complications after allogeneic HSCT.
Актуальность изучения проявлений кардиотоксичности у детей и подростков после окончания терапии обусловлена риском развития опасных для жизни осложнений. В качестве индикативных показателей проявлений кардиотоксичности рассмотрена феноменология ЭКГ обследования. Цельюисследования был сравнительный анализ тяжести поражения сердца у пациентов с различной токсической нагрузкой ПОТ.Материалы и методы. Группа из 293 пациентов разделена на 3 составные части в зависимости от нозологической принадлежности (острый лимфобластный лейкоз, опухоли задней черепной ямки и выделена группа иммунодефицитых состояний).Результаты. Нарушение процессов реполяризации и нарушений ритма чаще встречаются у пациентов с острым лимфобластным лейкозом. Наиболее благополучной оказались дети с иммунодефицитными состояниями, не получавшие противоопухолевую терапию.Заключение. Кратность и продолжительность курсов реабилитации определяется тяжестью выявленных проявлений кардиоксичности.
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