The A&P approach, developed by Allen and Pereira (2009), estimates single and basal crop coefficients (K c and K cb ) from the observed fraction of ground cover (f c ) and crop height (h). The practical application of the A&P for several crops was reviewed and tested in a companion paper (Pereira et al., 2020). The current study further addresses the derivation of optimal values for A&P parameter values representing canopy transparency (M L ) and stomatal adjustment (F r ), and tests the resulting model performance. Values reported in literature of M L and F r were analysed. Optimal M L and F r values were derived by a numerical search that minimized the differences between K cb A&P with standard K cb for vegetable, field, and fruit crops as tabulated by Pereira et al. (2021aPereira et al. ( , 2021b and Rallo et al. (2021). Sources for f c were literature reviews supplemented by a remote sensing survey. Computed K cb and K c for mid-and end-season together with associated parameters values were tabulated. To improve the usability of the M L and F r parameters a cross validation was performed, which consisted of the linear regression between K cb computed by A&P and observed K cb relative to independent data sets obtained from field observations. Results show that both series of K cb match well, with regression coefficients very close to 1.0, coefficients of determination near 1.0, and root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.06 for the annual crops and RMSE = 0.07 for the trees and vines. These errors represent less than 10% of most of the computed tabulated K cb. The tabulated F r and M L of this paper can be regarded as defaults to support A&P field practice when observations of f c and h are performed. Therefore, the A&P approach shows to be appropriate for use in irrigation scheduling and planning when f c and h are observed using ground and/or remote sensing, hence supporting irrigation water savings.

Z. Q. (2022). Current switching of the antiferromagnetic Néel vector in Pd/CoO/MgO(001). Physical Review B, 106(21).