Developing the high-efficiency agriculture is the strategy of agricultural sustainable development, and rational allocation of irrigation water resources is an important way in improving the efficiency of agricultural resources utilization. In this paper, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the irrigation water distribution schedule. This model focuses on decreasing the leakage loss and increasing allocation efficiency of irrigation water distribution. The transition process verified the rationality of the water distribution scheme and effectively satisfied the actual demand.

In the case of irrigation, to implement the water distribution plan, the flow needs to be changed through the gate which leads to the occurrence of unavoidable unsteady flow. In order to improve the level of irrigation management, it is necessary to understand the changes taking place in the canal water flow during the process of water distribution. The de Saint-Venant equations were solved based on the method of characteristics and a model was built to simulate the unsteady flow in the channel of the Yintang irrigation district. Then, the obtained results were validated by the employed model. On the basis of simulation results, a model for the variations in the gate opening was established based on the theory of under-gate discharge. In this study, the simulation results, as established from the model, are very consistent with the simulation results of existing commercial software and a simple design for the operation was conducted from the adjustment of gate openings and multi-stage gate operation modes. Overall, the established gate control model built in this study is reliable, which provides a basis for the decision-making process for the relevant staff.

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