No abstract

The article analyzes the electrical power system of a machine construction workshop where optimal positioning of power sources (power substation, distribution points) has to be determined so as to lower the metal consumption. The goal of the work is to develop a model of an efficient electrical power system at an industrial unit employing the method of distributed power density, developed by the authors. This method will help to determine the position of power sources. The amount of energy losses per power transmission and the metal consumption of the system were used as optimization criteria.The suggested method is based on the presentation of each surface load in the form of solids of revolution, limited by planes produced by the multiple of the basic function and the load power. The results were analyzed by means of substituting the group of consumers by an equivalent consumer and determining the radius of diffusion.The method of distributed power density allows to design the system of power supply with better characteristics in terms of minimal losses per power transmission and minimal metal consumption. The suggested method can be used in designing the power systems of industrial units and larger geographical areas. This method will help to determine the best position for reactive power compensators, the installation of which will help to minimize the losses in the system, increase the quality of the power supplied to the consumer unit. Keywords-electrical power supply, substation, energy losses, metal consumption, conventional centre of energy loads.The research has been realized at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (the project № 17-79-10281 from 24.07.2017).

A model of a radial power supply system in MatLAB was compiled to perform the research. The transformer substation is represented by a step-down transformer, the load of the substations in the form of a resistance. Electricity is transmitted to the substations along three power transmission lines. The power center is represented by an ideal source. A reserve source of limited power is connected to the remote substation. We made calculations of the voltage drop in the lines, voltage at the inputs of substations and electricity losses for transit. The study of the radial power supply system was performed in the daytime maximum mode; the minimum load mode was performed at night and in the peak load mode. As a result of modeling the operating modes, the indicators of the classical radial power supply scheme were compared with the indicators of the system when the local generation facilities were switched on during the working shift or during peak hours. Connection of reserve sources allows reducing voltage fluctuations along the line and reducing power losses for transit.

Distributed energy generation (DEG) is currently a promising direction in the energy sector. The article outlines the possibilities of using distributed generation for power supply to an industrial enterprise, and highlights the significant advantages of DEG for industry. As a result of the performed studies, calculations of economic indicators and comparison of delivery options for gas piston units of various capacities were carried out. The practicability of using mini-thermal power plants (mini-TPP) in the power supply system of the enterprise has been proved. The balance of active and reactive power of the generating equipment has been fulfilled. The calculation of the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions has been carried out.