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We discuss perspectives in hypernuclear studies opened by their integration with heavy ion physics. Particularly, neutron–rich Λ hypernuclei and double–Λ hypernucleican be produced, which are hardly attainable by traditional reactions and can enrich our knowledge on hadronic interactions.

Various estimates of the even-odd effect of the mass shell of atomic nuclei are considered. Based on the experimental mass values of the Ca, Sn, and Pb isotopes, the dependence of the energy gap on the neutron number is traced and the relationship of this characteristic to the properties of external neutron subshells is shown. In nuclei with closed proton shells, effects directly related to neutron pairing and effects of nucleon shells are discussed.Key words nucleon interaction, models of atomic nuclei, nucleon pairing in atomic nuclei

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Abstract. New data on proton and neutron single-particle energies E nlj of Si isotopes with neutron number N from 12 to 28 as well as occupation probabilities N nlj of single particle states of stable isotopes 28,30 Si near the Fermi energy were obtained by the joint evaluation of the stripping and pick-up reaction data and excited state decay schemes of neighboring nuclei. The evaluated data indicate following features of single-particle structure evolution: persistence of Z = 14 subshell closure with N increase, the new magicity of the number N = 16, and the conservation of the magic properties of the number N = 20 in Si isotopic chain. The features were described by the dispersive optical model. The calculation also predicts the weakening of N = 28 shell closure and demonstrates evolution of bubble-like structure of the proton density distributions in neutron-rich Si isotopes.PACS. 21.10.Pc Single-particle levels and strength functions -24.10.Ht Optical and diffraction models