Polyalthia longifolia (family: Annonaceae) is widely planted to effectively reduces noise pollution. This plant spread in many countries including Indonesia and the Philippines. Alkaloids are the main active compounds other than terpenoids in P.longifolia and it has the potential to be anti-inflammatory. Each leaves considered have different active compounds because of the different geographic factor from each country. To confirm this, we investigated the differences alkaloid compounds from two different sources of plants and predicted their anti-inflammatory potential. Shade-dried leaves from Indonesia and the Philippines were extracted by ethanol 70%. Two extracts were analyzed with LC-MS to ensure alkaloid compounds. Ensured alkaloid compounds further take on molecular docking. The compounds were drawn with ChemDraw then convert to .pdb with Open Babel. The protein COX-2 obtained from .pdb then prepared with PyMol. The docking process held by PyRx and the interaction was visualized by LigPlot+. LC-MS analysis identified 5 alkaloids contained from the ethanol extract of P.longifolia leaves from Indonesia and the Philippines. O-methylbulbocapnine-N-oxide was found only in ethanol extract leaves from Indonesia, while N-methylnandingerine-β-N-oxide was only found in ethanol extract leaves from the Philippines. All compounds have the potential as an anti-inflammation. Liriodenine as the most potent compound with binding energy −10.9kcal/mol. O-methylbulbocapnine-N-oxide has lower binding energy than N-methylnandingerine-β-N-oxide. In conclusion, there are differences between the alkaloid compounds and anti-inflammatory potential of the ethanol extract of P.longifolia leaves from Indonesia and the Philippines. Moreover, Indonesia’s ethanol extract leaves showed more potential than Philippines’s.
Herbal medicines have the potential to be used as therapeutic agents. Polyalthia longifolia is widely grown in both Indonesia and the Philippines, but it has not commonly used for its therapeutic purposes. Some studies reported that P. longifolia leaves extract has anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, the potential of Polyalthia longifolia leaves extracts for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Indometachin-induced rats was tested. Four groups of rats were used for this research, were control (T1), rats with IBD with 10 mg/kg BW of sulfasalazine therapy (T2),) rats with IBD treated with 300 mg/kg BW of Indonesia P. longifolia leaves extract therapy (T3) and rats IBD treated with 300mg/kg BW of The Philippines P. longifolia leaves extract therapy (T4). Histopathology of gastric, duodenum, jejunum, and colon were analyzed, with protein profile and pro-inflammatory cytokines expressions. The results showed that P. longifolia leaves extract therapy origin from Indonesia and the Philippines were potent as anti-inflammatory agents comparable to commercially available drugs against IBD. This works proposed the use of P. longifolia leaves as IBD therapy.
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