Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay detected Salmonella within 60 min. The 220 strains of 39 serotypes of Salmonella subsp. enterica and 7 strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae were amplified, but not 62 strains of 23 bacterial species other than Salmonella. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was found to be >2.2 cfu/test tube using nine serotypes. The specificity was similar to that of a PCR assay, but the sensitivity of LAMP was greater. Both fluorescence and turbidity were able to detect the products in the LAMP assay. S. enteritidis in a liquid egg sample artificially inoculated with the organism was detected by the LAMP assay at 2.8 cfu/test tube, although negative by PCR assay. These results indicate that the LAMP assay is a rapid, specific and sensitive detection method for Salmonella.

The results obtained suggest that the changes of amount of RANKL and OPG may be involved in bone resorption as a response to compression force.

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The ligand receptor activator of NFkappaB (RANKL) plays an important role in osteoclast formation. However, very little is known about the relationship between external apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment and RANKL. We hypothesized that compressive force is responsible for RANKL formation and up-regulation of osteoclastogenesis in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells from patients with severe orthodontically induced external apical root resorption. RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG) production, TRAP-positive cells, and resorptive pits were determined. The increase of RANKL and the decrease of OPG were greater in the severe root resorption group than in the non-resorption group. The numbers of TRAP-positive cells and resorptive pits were also increased in the severe root resorption group than in the non-resorption group. These results support the hypothesis that the compressed PDL cells obtained from tissues with severe external apical root resorption may produce a large amount of RANKL and up-regulate osteoclastogenesis.

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