These results suggest that the anteroposterior relationship was not significantly different between the groups, but the transversal relationship was better in the two-stage group than in the one-stage group.

Objective : To assess the congenital and postnatal factors that affect degree of malocclusion in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate using multivariate statistical analysis. Design : Retrospective study. Patients : All information on 135 subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate was obtained from an oral examination and radiograph at the initial examination at an orthodontic clinic and from surgical records. Plaster models were taken before orthodontic treatment. The ages of the subjects ranged from 5 to 8 years with a mean age of 6.9 years. All primary surgeries for the patients were performed at a university hospital. Main Outcome Measures : The GOSLON Yardstick was used to assess the dental arch relationships (degree of malocclusion) in patients. Family history of Class III, degree of cleft, and congenitally missing upper lateral incisor on the cleft side were chosen as congenital factors inducing malocclusion. Presurgical orthopedic treatment, cheiloplasty, and palatoplasty were chosen as postnatal factors. Associations between various factors and dental arch relationships were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results : According to adjusted odds ratios, family history of Class III is associated with a significantly worse dental arch relationship. Palatoplasty using push-back alone correlated to a dental arch relationship that was significantly worse than palatoplasty using push-back with a buccal flap. Conclusions : Multivariate analysis shows evidence that a positive family history of Class III and palatoplasty using push-back alone are associated with worse malocclusion of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

Monocortical mandibular bone grafting appears extremely effective for sufficient bone bridge formation and facilitation of cleft-adjacent teeth eruption. The procedure is advantageous in that the quantity of bone required per unit volume of cleft defect is relatively reduced, and larger clefts can thus be treated.

A monocortical mandibular bone grafting procedure for reconstruction of alveolar cleft was developed and assessed prospectively. The procedure was performed by harvesting lateral cortical bone plates from the symphysis and/or mandibular body and then placing these plates on the labial and palatal openings of the alveolar process defect. No particulate bone grafts were packed into the bony cavity. Based on CT findings at 6 months postoperatively, 58 of 70 clefts(82.9 ％) , including immature bony bridge cases, showed sufficient bone formation at the cleft site in the labio-palatal direction to facilitate migration of the permanent canines and/or lateral incisors. From periapical radiographic findings at the time of last follow-up, 54 of 62 clefts(87.1 ％) , except nonclassified 8 clefts in which cleft-related teeth were erupting showed ＞ − 75 ％ of the root surface of cleft-adjacent teeth was covered with spanning bone. In addition, canines had erupted spontaneously through grafted bone in occlusion for 27 of 29 clefts(93.1 ％)in which the cleft-adjacent canine was uncovered with bone during follow-up. Packing of particulate bone grafts in a secondary bone grafting procedure is clearly not a prerequisite for sufficient bone bridge formation and facilitation of teeth eruption, and placement of walls of cortical bone to enclose the defect is adequate for successful secondary alveolar bone grafting in the mixed dentition. Our procedure has advantages in reducing the quantity of bone required per unit volume of cleft defect, and thus could be applicable to larger cleft defects.

Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2)-associated syndrome (SAS) is characterized by alterations of SATB2.