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The authors present the results of a climatologic reconstruction of the 217-year series (1791-2007) of monthly average values of air temperature and monthly totals of precipitation in Wrocław (Breslau). The reconstruction is based on verified measurement (or observation) data from the Breslau-Sternwarte Observatory (1791-1930), which were completed (1931-2007) by reconstructing values calculated from measurement data from other meteorological stations in Wrocław. Only the data for 1945 were estimated from the values of Polish (Cracow, Gniezno, Puławy) and foreign (Berlin, Prague) stations. The problem of restoring the homogeneity of the available initial data was taken into consideration because there were changes in location and observation times. The data were verified by comparing the measured values, among others of temperature, with the data from the nearest as well as other meteorological stations in Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, de Bilt. In relation to this, the problem of special and temporal anisotropy of relations between the values of analysed stations was discussed.

The paper goal is to show diurnal, seasonal and year to year variability of long-wave radiation balances of two contrasting types of active surfaces – grassy and bare soil in the context of bioclimatic and ecological role of plant areas in a big city. The analyses was conducted on example of Wrocław (SW Poland) and the experimental results were obtained from about twelve-year period of measurements. The average annual values of fluxes of the main components of these long-wave balances reached: 368.6 W/m2 for the long-wave radiation of bare soil, 363.6 W/m2 for the long-wave radiation of grassy surface and 322.9 W/m2 for the downward atmospheric radiation. These differences between values of bare soil and grassy surfaces varied during the year from negative values in winter to positive values in spring and the summer. The final conclusion of the study is an important empirical argument for urban planning to extend share of plant areas in cities and urban agglomerations.

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