Investigation of conservation status, optical survey, infrared thermography, and ultrasonic examination were performed on Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva mural and Buddhist Monk Bodhidharma mural to determine the conservation status and physical properties. As a result of investigation of conservation status, the types of damage are largely divided into the wall and finishing layer damage, painting layer degradation, damage due to restoration materials, stains and contamination, and biological damage. As a result of the optical survey, drawing, stains, and repainted site were confirmed. Result of the infrared thermography, the delamination of the finishing layer was confirmed, and some locations and shapes of the wooden lath inside the wall were identified. The result of the 3D scanning, the deviation, and the separation of the wall was confirmed. As a result of ultrasonic examination, it was confirmed that the physical properties of the mural were identified and the ultrasonic speed was relatively low due to physical damage such as delamination and exfoliation of the finishing layer and cracking. Ultrasonic speed values were also high in some wall cracks or delamination, and it was confirmed by the infrared thermography results that the wooden lath inside the wall was located in those parts. It was possible to understand that the wooden lath inside the walls affects the ultrasonic speed during the ultrasonic examination. Therefore, management through periodic inspection of the relevant elements is necessary, and a countermeasure for damage that may occur in the future should be prepared along with intensive monitoring of the major damage identified in this diagnosis result.

In order to objectively and quantitatively diagnose the conservation status of painting cultural heritages, a digital image analysis program was used for the digital image of a Korean Buddhist painting. A technical method for diagnosing the conservation status by analyzing the color space of the Buddhist painting and calculating the shape information and damage area was suggested. To verify the applicability of the program, a standard color chart on various ground materials was produced. Color difference values of color information obtained using a color meter and a digital image analysis program were compared. Work efficiency, according to image resolution, was evaluated. It was possible to work efficiently with a size similar to that of an FHD image. Through the comparative evaluation of the individual deviation by the user, the accuracy and temporal advantages of the method using the digital image analysis program could be confirmed. As a result of comparing by color region extraction conditions, it was confirmed that the error range of the measured color information decreased as the 25 pixel diameter circle (average of circled regions of interest) size region and the number of measurements increased. Color space information was adjusted according to the characteristics of each damage type, and the shape of the damage was classified. In addition, the conservation status was evaluated by quantitatively calculating the area of damage with the Intensity Mean of the divided shape image.

Damage to the painting cultural heritage is recognized through visual observation, photographic data, and conservation diagnosis records, and technology that accurately understands the degree of change over time can prevent damage and be effectively used for conservation treatment. In this study, a time series analysis was conducted to diagnose and compare the conservation status of the past and the present using the digital image of Hanging Painting of Bongjeongsa Temple, Andong (The Vulture Peak Assembly) with different filming times. Color information was analyzed using a digital image analysis program. The shape information and area of crease, exfoliation of painting layer, loss of background material and contamination were calculated using the Relief, Threshold Switching, Color Mapping in HSV space function. Based on the calculated data, the change pattern was confirmed by comparing the damage that occurred in the same area. Quantitative data such as the area of damage and the length of the object were used together to comprehensively compare and analyze the degree of improvement and change in damage that occurred throughout the work to evaluate the change over time.