Practical lessons in vocational education have been being got much attention from practitioners because of its importance. Additionally, the required 21st-century skills nowadays should be accommodated by educational programs so as to produce graduates that could survive. The aims of this study are to understand the required learning activities that students need to do in order to prepare their practical lesson, to produce educational media based on the flipped classroom model in the practical lesson and to examine the feasibility of the educational media. This is a Research and Development (R&D) study that used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. The result of this study is the learning activities including accessing the sources of knowledge, looking at simulation videos, and exercising the quiz. In addition, there is developed media based on the flipped classroom model covered in an online learning management system that contains fundamental articles, simulation videos, job sheet, and quiz. Besides, the level of feasibility of the educational media is in good category that means the educational media is feasible to be used in that practical lesson.

This study aims to determine: (1) the material needed by students in the Basic Practice of Electronic Control Systems in the automotive field, (2) the design of the Basic Electronic Control System Training Kit in the automotive field, (3) the results of the development of the Basic Electronic Control System training kit in the automotive field., (4) eligibility of the basic training kit for the Electronic Control System in the automotive sector, and (5) users responses to the development results of the Basic Electronic Control System training kit. This study uses the research and development (RND) method. The research was carried out in 5 stages, namely: (1) the needs analysis stage, (2) the product design stage, (3) the product development stage, (4) the product use implementation stage, and (5) the product evaluation stage. Retrieval of data using documentation and questionnaires. The results showed that: (1) The materials needed by students in the basic practice of automotive electronic control systems include: understanding the use of simulation software, functions, arrays and looping on Arduino, serial communication, use of LCDs, use of interrupts, use of analog to digital converters, infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, pulse width modulation, lookup table function and EEPROM data writing, and arduino applications in the automotive sector; (2) The development product of the training kit is in the form of educational props containing parts of the power supply system, various kinds of input variations, the process system with Arduino Uno, and the output section in the form of lamps, buzzers, electric motors, solenoids, 7 segment displays, LCD, relays, and driver transistor. The model is packaged in a box for individual or group learning of 2-3 people; (3) The developed training kit was declared very feasible according to media experts and material experts; (4) The developed training kit received a positive response from users/students.

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This study aims to design and develop a real model of a planetary gear unit providing three kinds of simulation for the basic configurations of the planetary gear unit in which one component member is locked, two members are held together, and two input members works. This is a research and development (R&D) to develop a realia of the planetary gear unit for the learning of automatic transmission basics. The realia is expected to demonstrate how the configurations in which one component member is locked, two members are held together, and two input members moves. This study was carried out through ten stages, namely analyzing potentials and problems, needs analysis, product design, focus group discussion, product development, pilot study (small-scale field test), product revision, large-scale field test, product revision, and final product. The data were collected by questionnaires and were analyzed quantitatively. The product of this study is learning media in the form of realia made of acrylic so that the components are clearly visible and the work of basic configurations of the three gears in the planetary gear unit is easy to understand. These basic arangements can be operationalized on the learning media by applying brakes to the ring, carrier, and sun gears and applying cluthes between the sun and carrier gears, the sun and ring gears, and the carrier and ring gears. Evaluated from its performance, the realia of the planetary gear unit can work well. The shaft can rotate well though some friction generated, the clutch and brake can work on its function, as well as the constituent gears can rotate as its real version does. This is reinforced by the responses from the material and media experts that reveal the product meets the very feasible category.

Abstract--The implementation of curriculum 2013 has changed some educational aspects. As the result, many problems appeared such as difficulties in conducting the authentic evaluation, implementing scientific learning using student-centered learning principle and encouraging the class to be active. To solve the problems, it is important to understand the implementation and problems of scientific learning at SMK. Therefore, a quantitative method with exposed facto approach was used to collect data. According to the results of the data analysis, it was concluded that: (1) the implementation of scientific learning: instructional planning, implementing, and evaluating was generally concluded by teachers. However, it was not conducted optimally for the weakness in "questioning" and "communicating" process. (2) some problems identified in the scientific learning implementation were: (a) difficulties in determining an instructional model and learning materials, (b) learning media limitation, (c) time management in the learning process, and (d) raising student motivation.