To define the biological features of phytoplankton in Mosul Dam Lake, monthly samples were collected along a year from September 2003 to August 2004. Consisting thermal stratification and turn over periods from four locations in the main lake and another location in the regulating lake. Total numbers of algae reached 2300 cell/ml in the main lake and 1100cell/ml in the regulating lake. Bacillariophyta were dominant with a maximum number of 1400 cell/ml in autumn. Chlorophyta were dominant in autumn also with 550 cell/ml. Ten genus of Chlorophyta were appeared in this water body: Cosmarium, Chlorella, Spirogyra, Scendesmus, Pediastrum, Tetraedron, Quadrigula, Ankiseradosm, Pandorina, and Straurastrum. Seven genus of Bacillariophyta were noticeable. Some genus of Cyanophyta was recorded as Aphanocapsa. In addition some Euglenophyta spp. were occurred in the main lake and the regulating lake also. On the basis of these algae abundance, the lake is undergoing cultural Eutrophication. It has passed in mesotrophic state (the middle trophic state of Eutrophication). Some genera which were appeared are the indication of eutrophic state. Total plate count bacteria ranged from 400-1700 cell/ ml in the main lake and 200- 950 cell/ml in the regulating lake were also recorded. Coliform bacteria were founded with most probable number reached 460 cell/100ml in the main lake and 150 cell/100ml in the regulating lake. Therefore, the lake water is classified as moderate pure and considering a good source of raw water supply with all treatment units and safe for swimming and recreational uses.

Survey and sampling collections on municipal solid waste (MSW) composition and generation rate of Mosul city was conducted for more than six months with daily repetition .The results revealed the variation of solid waste components with the domination of food and organic waste. Other components as paper, glass, plastic, metal, tin can, textiles and wood were clearly shown. Also small percentages of rubber, leathern materials, trimming and others were founded also.The percentages of different solid waste components with those dominated in the 1988 were made. The apparent differences were attributed to changes ofconsumption style and living of Iraqi families. Organic matter which constituted (68.17%) can be using to produce soil conditioners. Recycled and reused matters comprised (20.0%) could also be advantageously used. The remaining small percentages which amounted (11.83%) could be sent to landfill.Statistical analyses were done to represent the scatter of each component about the mean value.The daily per capita generation rate of solid waste in the city as pure residential generation amounted to (0.305 Kg/capita per day). The Gross generation of various types of solid waste was calculated as (0.61 Kg/capita per day). Some mathematical relations were used to forecast the future generation rate and composition of the city solid waste.

No abstract

Moderately, plastic solid wastes become a main part of municipal solid waste production. Their importance lies due to non-degradable matter, not soluble, in addition to a light weight and large quantities. These characteristics make accumulate in increasing quantities on the surface of the globe and reach water bodies causing pollution in all its forms to wildlife and aquatic life. Six sectors including municipal and commercial areas were selected in Mosul city to study types of plastic waste and its compositions and characteristics. 432 samples of solid waste were collected and sorted to its components included plastic waste, weighted and measured their volumes. This study was accomplished from March 2018 up to August 2018. The study results showed that the plastic waste conforms 5% of dry weight and 12% of the volume of municipal solid waste. Fourteen types of plastic waste components were sorted from municipal solid waste. These include water bottles, soft drink bottles, oil containers, chairs, tables, water pipes, interior parts of vehicles, plastic bags, juice containers, plastic cups, CDs, Nylon, Acrylic and Silicone. Because of plastic waste is non-degradable matter, it will be accumulated on the surface of the earth and reach water resources causing pollution. Applying the sustainable development managements including, reducing the employment of plastic materials, reusing and recycling the components of plastic waste that must be done to increase their recycled products uses.

No abstract