Background and objectives: This study prospectively compares early results of Kinesio tape (KT) as an alternative method for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis with those of corticosteroid injection and the rest-and-medication group (RMG). Materials and methods: Among the fifty patients (53 elbows), KT was applied to 20 patients (21 elbows), and corticosteroid injection (CSI) was applied to 15 patients (17 elbows). Fifteen patients were included in the RMG. Patients in the RMG were informed about their condition, and necessary warnings were given. No oral or topical treatments were recommended. If needed, paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were prescribed. Patients were classified according to the Nirschl scores and evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS); Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QDASH); and the Turkish version of the Patient Related Elbow Evaluation (PREE-T). Results: Improvements in all scores were statistically significant in all groups at the end of the second week. At the end of the fourth week, there was also a statistically significant improvement in all three groups, but these improvements were not as high as they were in the first 2 weeks. There was a slight deterioration in the functional scores in the RMG and CSI groups, while the improvement in the KT group continued. In the KT group, the average QDASH score was 18.1 (4.5–35), the VAS score was 2 (1–3), the VAS score in resisted wrist extension was 4 (2–5) and the Nirschl score was 2 (1–3) at the fourth week. The KT group had significant superiority in these parameters over the RMG (p = 0.035, p = 0.035, p = 0.029, p = 0.035, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the KT, the RMG and the CSI groups at the fourth week. Conclusions: CSI, KT and rest-and-medication treatments were all effective in terms of pain reduction and functional scores at the end of week 2, and the only treatment that continued to be effective in the final week was KT.

Background Extensor carpi ulnaris tendinopathy (ECU) can be one cause of ulnar side wrist pain and it is more prominent in pronation-supination movements against resistance. In supination, flexion, and ulnar deviation within the ulnar groove, the tendon is tense and becomes predisposed to subluxation or dislocation. Snapping occurs during this dislocation and relocation. As a result of this friction between the tendon sheath and ulnar groove, tendinopathy and pain occur. ECU tendon is an important structure that contributes to the dynamic stability of wrist therefore resulting degeneration contributes disruption of distal radioulnar joint and causes wrist instability. Methods Participants without active wrist complaints who presented to the outpatient clinic between 2019 and 2020 were included. Provocation test was performed and participants with snapping were evaluated with ultrasound to determine subluxation or dislocation. Participants asked to indicate approximately how much time they spent daily on the phone, computer and game console. The distribution of data was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Quantitative data that were not normally distributed were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test, and Student’s t-test was used for normally distributed data. The Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. For all tests, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Four hundred and fifteen women and 340 men were included in the study. Fifty of the 755 participants (6.6 %) had snapping. 22 of the 755 participants (2.9 %) had dislocation or subluxation on ultrasound. Three (13.6 %) participants had dislocation and 19 (%86.4) participants had subluxation on ultrasound. All 50 of the participants with snapping had significant repetitive trauma and sports activities. It was determined that 21 of the 22 participants who were found to have subluxation or dislocation by ultrasound had more than two hours of hobby activity and significantly more participants had more than two hours of activity compared to the group without subluxation or dislocation. Conclusions This study with a large number of participants will contribute to the literature in terms of evaluating the contribution of technological devices, such as computers, smartphones, and consoles to chronic wrist pain and the prevalence of ECU snapping in the asymptomatic population. Trial registration Date of Approval; 19.02.2019, Approval Number; 19-KAEK-045.

Background: Treatment of Kienbö ck disease is still a clinical challenge. The treatment used in each instance is decided according to stage of the disease at presentation. Good clinical and radiological results could be obtained with partial capitate shortening osteotomy. However, mid-term results of this technique and its effect on lunate revascularization are not well known. Objectives: The aim of this study was to report our results of partial capitate shortening osteotomy in the treatment of stage II and IIIA Kienbö ck disease. Methods: Ten patients were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 37.7 years old (standard deviation [SD] ¼ 9.6). Patients were evaluated clinically in terms of range of motion, DASH and VAS scores, satisfaction with the outcome, and grip/tip/palmar/key pinch strength compared to the contralateral side. Radiological evaluation consisted of Lichtman staging on plain radiographs and lunate revascularization on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at both preoperative and postoperative evaluations. Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 55.2 (SD ¼ 24) months. The mean DASH and VAS scores were 14.3 (SD ¼ 6.7) and 1.5 (SD ¼ 1.3), respectively. For patient satisfaction, the mean score was 3.6 (SD ¼ 0.6). The Lichtman stage of 7 patients remained unchanged. Lunate revascularization was detected with MRI in 6 patients. Conclusions: Although the number of patients in the study prevents more strict conclusions, our results are promising, and the technique presented offers minimally but observable lunate revascularization and high success rates in preventing the progression of the disease.

IntroductionOur aim was to evaluate different treatment methods including conservative treatment (CT), locking-plate osteosynthesis (OS) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) in three-and four-part humeral fractures in patients older than 50 years. MethodsForty-seven patients that have at least one year of follow-up were divided into three groups: 18 patients treated with OS, 14 patients treated conservatively and 15 patients treated with HA. For further evaluation, constant shoulder score, disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score (DASH), American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) score had been used. Shoulder range of motion was also assessed. ResultsOS and CT groups had better scores than HA group. In OS group, average Constant score was 71.6 ± 16.2, DASH score was 12.1 (5.2-24.2) and ASES score was 77.5 (50.8-96.6). In CT group, average Constant score was 69.6 ± 19.2, DASH score was 16.4 (12.5-36.7) and ASES score was 76.6 (45.4-87.9). DASH scores (p = 0.032), Constant scores (p = 0.001), forward elevation (p < 0.001), abduction (p < 0.001), internal (p = 0.022) and external rotation (p = 0.048) were significantly improved in OS and CT groups than HA group. ConclusionsHA should not be considered a priority in surgical planning in Neer three-part and four-part proximal humerus fractures. CT is superior for patients with additional morbidity and advanced age. But in patients who are younger and can tolerate the surgical procedure, the priority should be OS.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether tri-cortical iliac bone autografting provided extra benefit for the stabilization in Sanders Type 3–4 calcaneal fractures fixed with locking plate.Materials and methodsThe study included 29 calcaneal fractures (Sanders Type 3/4=15/14). All fractures were fixed with locking plate using the extended lateral approach. Bone grafts were used in 16 (Group A; Sanders Type 3/4=7/9) and not used in 13 (Group B; Sanders Type 3/4=8/5) calcaneal fractures. As a grafting material, only tri-cortical iliac crest bone autograft was used. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. The same locking plate was used in all fractures. Calcaneal height and angle of Bohler and Gissane were measured in early postoperative and final control radiographs in both groups. Clinical evaluations were performed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle hind foot scale.ResultsThere was no difference between the groups in terms of clinical results. Radiologically, the degree of change in Bohler’s angle, Gissane’s angle, and calcaneal height was not different between the groups.ConclusionBone grafting does not affect the clinical and radiologic outcomes in Sanders Type 3–4 calcaneal fractures fixed with locking plate, and they provide no extra benefit to the stabilization. We think that fixation using locking plate is adequate and there is no need for bone grafting.