Chilli is one of plant from genus Capsicum and as vegetable commodities most consumed by the Indonesian people. Chilli contains a unique compound called capsaicin which gives a burning sensation like burning when consumed. This research aims to determine the effect of chilli extract on gastroprotection in the stomach of mice. The study used 35 white male rats were divided into seven groups, one group as the control group, and six groups were given extracts from three varieties of chilli (red chilli, green chilli, and chilli) with high doses (1 g / kg bb) and low doses (0.5 g / kg bb) for 14 days. On the 15th day, gastric decapitation and isolation were carried out to make histological preparations of the rat's stomach. The results showed mucosal tissue in the stomach of rats given a dose of 0.5 g/kg BW remained in normal condition compared to the group of rats given high doses of chilli. In this group, a lot of damage to the gastric mucosal tissue of rats (ulcers). This study concludes that consuming 0.5 g/kg BW chilli does not cause damage to the gastric mucosal tissue of rats.Keywords: Chilli, Gastric mucose, Gastroprotective

BACKGROUND Memory is a vital function of the brain. Aerobic exercise has a positive effect on memory’s function, but the appropriate combination of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise is still unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of optimum combinations of intensity and duration of aerobic exercise on spatial memory function.  METHODS In this study, the authors performed in vivo experiment using 20 male Wistar rats (6-month-old). They were randomly divided into four groups: (1) low-intensity and short duration aerobic exercise group (L–S); (2) low-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise group (L–L); (3) high-intensity and short duration aerobic exercise group (H– S); and (4) high-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise group (H–L). The aerobic exercise treatment of each group was conducted for three weeks with a frequency of five days a week. The memory function was assessed with the help of water-E-maze on week 0, 1, 2, and 3 (a total of four times).  RESULTS This study indicates that the central nervous system responds to aerobic exercise as an external stimulus differently depending on the combinations of intensity and duration. Moreover, this study demonstrates that changes in memory functions are best observed in the group with low-intensity and long duration aerobic exercise.  CONCLUSIONS The combination of low-intensity and long duration of aerobic exercise for animal study can improve spatial memory functions better than any other combinations of intensity and duration of aerobic exercises in male Wistar rats.

Obesity is a global epidemic for non-communicable diseases characterized by a body mass index morethan 30 kg/m2. Epidemiological data show that consuming foods containing capsaicin, the main activecompound and causes a spicy taste in chili associated with a decrease in the prevalence of obesity. Thisstudy aims to determine the effect of consumption chili on lipid profile of rats fed high-fat diet and theirpotential as anti-obesity. Treatment was conducted on 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats and divided into6 groups namely the regular group (N) was given a standard diet and the group that was given a high-fat diet (PTL) and varied with a dose of 0.5 g/kg BW. Every 14 days of treatment, the weight of therats was weighed, and blood was taken retro-orbital to obtain the serum. The rat serum was tested fortotal cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, LDL, and HDL through the colorimetric method. The levels wereassessed using a clinical spectrophotometer. The results showed a decrease in weight, LDL, increaseHDL (p<0.05), decrease in TC, triglyceride (p>0.05). This showed chili extract has the potential as ananti-obesity with parameters of measuring lipid profile and weight but needs dose adjuster and timingof extract administration.Keywords: Anti-obesity; Capsaicin; Chili; Lipid; Lipoprotein

ABSTRAKSabun herbal merupakan sabun yang diproduksi dari tanaman berkhasiat obat secara sederhana tanpa penambahan bahan sintetik atau bahan aditif lainnya. Kegiatan ini merupakan pelatihan dalam pembuatan sabun herbal yang ramah lingkungan kepada masyarakat Kampung Loji Desa Gekbrong Cianjur sebagai bagian yang terintegrasi dengan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Mahasiswa (KKNM) Tematik Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains UHAMKA dalam Program Kompetisi Kampus Merdeka (PKKM) tahun 2022. Tujuannya adalah untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pabrikasi produk sabun herbal dengan berbagai bahan aktif seperti kopi, teh hijau, dan sereh. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan penyuluhan secara langsung dengan sasaran masyarakat Kampung Loji. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian materi mengenai sabun herbal ramah lingkungan dan dilanjutkan dengan simulasi pembuatan sabun herbal menggunakan variasi bahan aktif seperti teh hijau, kopi, dan sereh. Evaluasi dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengetahuan peserta terhadap teknologi pembuatan sabun herbal yang akan dipraktikkan dan keberhasilan capaian kegiatan. Peserta sangat antusias selama kegiatan berlangsung. Secara statistik, terdapat rata-rata peningkatan nilai dari pretest ke posttest sebanyak 12,00 poin (positive ranks) dengan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0,000 (p-value ≤ 0,005) menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Dengan demikian, hasil evaluasi menunjukkan strategi pelatihan dalam kegiatan ini tepat untuk diterapkan dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta mengenai pembuatan sabun herbal ramah lingkungan. Kata kunci: sabun herbal; ramah lingkungan; pengabdian masyarakat; kampung loji. ABSTRACTHerbal soaps are soaps that are produced from simple medicinal plants without the addition of synthetic ingredients or other additives. This activity is training in producing environmentally friendly herbal soap for the Loji community, Gekbrong Village, Cianjur, as an integrated part of the Thematic Student Real Work Lecture (KKNM) of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, UHAMKA in the Merdeka Campus Competition Program (PKKM) 2022. This activity applies direct observation and counselling methods with the Loji community target. This activity aims to impart knowledge and skills in producing herbal soap products with various active ingredients such as coffee, green tea, and lemongrass. The activity began with the educational delivery of environmentally friendly herbal soap. It continued with a simulation of producing herbal soap using various active ingredients such as green tea, coffee, and lemongrass. The evaluation was conducted to determine the extent of the participant's knowledge of the technology for producing herbal soap to be practiced and the success of the activities. Participants were very enthusiastic during the activity. Statistically, there is an average increase in scores from the pretest to the posttest of 12.00 points (positive ranks) with an Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 (p-value 0.005) using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Thus, the evaluation results indicate that the training strategy in this activity is appropriate to be applied to increase the participants' knowledge about producing environmentally friendly herbal soaps. Keywords: herbal soap; environmentally friendly; community dedication; loji village.

Stress can occur due to a person's inability to respond to a stressor, resulting in bodily or mental disorders. Anxiety can be characterized by increased levels of cortisol, which is regulated by the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenaline (HPA-axis). Aromatherapy is a therapy using essential oils that give a distinctive aroma to plant parts such as flowers, roots, leaves, and stems. Aromatherapy can be done through a reed diffuser. The frangipani (Plumeria alba) is one of the plants in Indonesia that has a particular scent in its flowers. This study aims to determine the effect of prolonged exposure to P. alba essential oil reed diffuser on cortisol levels in rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups: the control group without exposure to a reed diffuser for 5 and 10 days and the other group with exposure for 5 and 10 days. Each blood was drawn through the retro-orbital, centrifuged to obtain serum, and tested using LC-MS to determine cortisol levels. The group with ten days of essential oil exposure showed lower cortisol levels. It can be concluded that the duration of aromatherapy exposure is connected to cortisol levels and that aromatherapy can be utilized as a stress-reduction therapy.