for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. SAE routinely stocks printed papers for a period of three years following date of publication. Direct your orders to SAE Customer Sales and Satisfaction Department. Quantity reprint rates can be obtained from the Customer Sales and Satisfaction Department. To request permission to reprint a technical paper or permission to use copyrighted SAE publications in other works, contact the SAE Publications Group. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

No abstract

A novel synergistic solvent impregnated resin (SIR), containing both 1-phenyl-1,3-tetradecanedione (C11phβDK) and tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO), was used for the selective adsorption of Li+ in aqueous chloride media. The extractants have a synergistic effect on the ability of the SIR system to adsorb Li+ ion with high selectivity relative to Na+ and K+. The extent of adsorption of Li+ is increased with an increase in the amount of TOPO impregnated in the SIR. Li+ can be effectively separated from a solution containing a high concentration of Na+ by column chromatography using a column packed with SIR.

No abstract

A coarse-graining method has been proposed [R. E. Rudd and J. Q. Broughton: Phys. Rev. B 58 (1998) R5893-R5896] for a crystalline system of atoms, in which the inter-particle interaction is obtained through coarse-graining of the partition function of the atomic Hamiltonian in the harmonic approximation. Though the method has attractive features such as its natural incorporation of atomistic phonons, the original formulation limits its application to small periodic systems without surfaces. In this paper, we improve the method as follows: (i) we introduce a recursive coarse-graining procedure to overcome the size limitation problem, (ii) we rewrite the deformation energy in both translation and rotation invariant form to make it applicable to macroscopically deformed systems, (iii) we extend the formulation for multi-component systems, and (iv) we incorporate the thermal expansion and softening of the atomistic systems. The essentials in the code implementation are explained. The method is successfully applied to deforming nanorods of sub-micron size in both two and three dimensions, to show that it is ready for dynamics simulation of meso-scale, three-dimensional realistic systems.