The Taiwan Chelungpu‐Fault Drilling Project was undertaken in 2002 to investigate the faulting mechanism of the 1999 Mw 7.6 Taiwan Chi‐Chi earthquake. Hole B penetrated the Chelungpu fault, and core samples were recovered from between 948.42‐ and 1352.60‐m depth. Three major zones, designated FZB1136 (fault zone at 1136‐m depth in hole B), FZB1194, and FZB1243, were recognized in the core samples as active fault zones within the Chelungpu fault. Nondestructive continuous physical property measurements, conducted on all core samples, revealed that the three major fault zones were characterized by low gamma ray attenuation (GRA) densities and high magnetic susceptibilities. Extensive fracturing and cracks within the fault zones and/or loss of atoms with high atomic number, but not a measurement artifact, might have caused the low GRA densities, whereas the high magnetic susceptibility values might have resulted from the formation of magnetic minerals from paramagnetic minerals by frictional heating. Minor fault zones were characterized by low GRA densities and no change in magnetic susceptibility, and the latter may indicate that these minor zones experienced relatively low frictional heating. Magnetic susceptibility in a fault zone may be key to the determination that frictional heating occurred during an earthquake on the fault.

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In high CPOE installation rate (85% in 400+ bed hospitals), though most of them only capable of exporting data in proprietary format, prefecture and ministry projects were effective to promote healthcare information exchange between providers. The standardized storage became an infrastructure for many useful applications, and many hospitals started using them. Ministry designation of proposed healthcare standards was effective so as to allow vendors to conform their products, and users to install them.

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Ocean swells can be a significant coastal hazard, potentially causing coastal disasters with costly damage to infrastructure and tragic loss of lives. We have observed this in the coastal region of Toyama Bay in the Sea of Japan, which has been devastated by severe winter swell events (the so‐called YoriMawari‐nami; YM wave). An extreme swell event was recorded in February 2008 in which the wave height at a site in the bay reached 9+ m, which corresponds to 16 times the local climatological average. Substantial efforts by the Japanese coastal engineering community have been expended to reproduce YM wave events with phase‐averaged wave models but, to our knowledge, with no success. During an archetype YM event, we found that the Noto peninsula filtered the incoming wavefield such that in the bay incident waves were quasi‐monochromatic. The swell then refracted over a submarine canyon resulting in a bimodal directional distribution of wave energy. This initiated conditions favorable for coherent interference, violating the assumptions of the phase‐averaged approach. Coherent interference is the key mechanism for understanding the formation of the large amplitudes and for matching observed high space‐time variability. Our results demonstrate the significance of the coherent interference for wave statistics over coastal bathymetry; only by accounting for phase‐resolving phenomena were we able to adequately reproduce the observations.