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The mechanical properties of oxide scales at high-temperature were studied in order to improve the surface quality of commercial Sicontaining high strength steels. Specific oxides of Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , FeO and Fe 2 SiO 4 were synthesized by powder metallurgy. The Vickers hardness, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity were measured at high-temperatures. A series of measurements confirmed that the physical properties of the synthesized oxides were different each other. From the Vickers hardness measurements, it was verified that the hardness of each synthesized oxide was identical with the naturally-formed iron oxide, as observed in the cross-section of oxide scales on steels. The influence of the Fe 2 SiO 4 formed on Si-containing steels on the scale adhesion at high temperature and the surface property is discussed on the basis of the physical properties of the oxides.

The effect of Nd content in Al films on hillock formation was investigated for applications of interconnections for thin film transistor liquid crystal displays. It was found that the hillock density of Al–Nd alloy films was strongly dependent on the Nd content, and the hillocks were completely suppressed in Al–2.0–6.0 at. % Nd alloy films. X-ray diffractometry, x-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy indicated that the microstructures of Al–Nd alloy films strongly depend on the Nd content, and Al–2.0–6.0 at. % Nd alloy films form a stable solid solution with a polycrystalline α-Al-like structure. The results obtained from microstructural analysis were largely in agreement with hillock formation behavior. In this study, it was found that the excellent hillock resistance of Al–2.0–6.0 at. % Nd alloy films originates from solid-solution hardening by the strongly distorted α-Al-like structure.

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