The heat capacities of glassy and liquid toluene and ethylbenzene
were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter.
Both samples were doped with about 10% of benzene to suppress
crystallization. The effects of the doping
were corrected for by assuming the additivity of the heat capacities of
toluene (or ethylbenzene) and benzene.
The configurational entropies of several glass-forming liquids,
including toluene and ethylbenzene, were
calculated as functions of temperature from their heat-capacity data.
For these calculations, the vibrational
heat capacities were determined by the least-squares fitting of the
Debye and Einstein functions to the
experimental values using auxiliary spectroscopic data from the
literature. The size of cooperative rearranging
region (CRR), which was first conceived by Adam and Gibbs, was
calculated from the configurational entropy
in a simplifying approximation that neglects distribution of CRR size
and internal entropy of CRR. For all
of the systems examined, the size of CRR increases with decreasing
temperature and is frozen-in at four to
eight molecules per region at the glass-transition
temperature.
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