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Purpose To evaluate systemic adverse events after screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) performed with mydriatic. Methods This was a retrospective case series study. Medical records of consecutive patients who underwent screening for ROP with 0.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide eyedrops were retrospectively reviewed. The score of abdominal distention (0–5), volume of milk sucked and volume of stool, along with systemic details (pulse and respiration rates, blood pressure and number of periods of apnea) were collected at 1 week and 1 day before ROP examination, and at 1 day after examination. Results were compared between the days before and after examination. Correlation between body weight at the time of examination and the score of abdominal distention was examined. The numbers of infants with abdominal and/or systemic adverse events were compared between pre- and post-examination periods. Results Eighty-six infants met the inclusion criteria. The score of abdominal distention increased from 2.0 at 1 day before examination to 2.3 at 1 day after examination (p = 0.005), and the number of infants who had worsened abdominal distension increased after examination (p = 0.01). Infants with lower body weight had a higher score of abdominal distention (p < 0.0001, r = −0.57). The number of infants with reduced milk consumption increased after examination (p = 0.0001), as did the number of infants with decreased pulse rate (p = 0.0008). Conclusions Screening for ROP with mydriatic may have adverse effects on systemic conditions. Infants should be carefully monitored after ROP screening with mydriatic.

PurposeTo evaluate short-term changes in intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity.Patients and methodsThis study was a prospective case-series. Consecutive infants underwent intravitreal injection with bevacizumab for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity at a university hospital. Intraocular pressure was measured with tonometer at baseline, at 1 min, and at 3, 10, 30 and 60 mins after injection.ResultsFive patients (four boys) were enrolled in this study. Mean (± standard deviation) intraocular pressure was 8.0 ± 2.4 mmHg (range: 6–11.5 mmHg) just before the intravitreal injection, and the pressures were 19.8 ± 2.8 mmHg (16.4–23.9 mmHg), 14.6 ± 4.4 mmHg (7.6–18.4 mmHg), 11.2 ± 4.2 mmHg (6.4–16.5 mmHg), 9.3 ± 3.5 mmHg (5.8–13.2 mmHg), and 8.2 ± 1.4 mmHg (6.9–10.0 mmHg) at 1 min, 3, 10, 30 and 60 mins after the injection, respectively. Mean intraocular pressure after 1 min was significantly higher than intraocular pressure before injection (p = 0.02). Pressures decreased between 1 min and 3 mins after intravitreal injection, although there was no statistically significant difference between the pressures at those time-points. Intraocular pressures after 3, 10, 30 and 60 mins were not significantly different from the pressure before injection.ConclusionIntraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for neonatal infants may be mild, so there may be a limited risk due to intraocular pressure after intraocular injection of bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity.

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