This paper presents an experimental study on the effect of shot peening on mechanical properties and residual stresses of 2024-T351 Aluminum alloy. Under the effects of shot peening time SPT the results show that the existence of SPT can improve the mechanical properties and fatigue life up to a limit value of SPT. The 15 minutes SPT gave the highest value of (σ u , σ y ) which is about 6.7 % for (σ u ) and 11.7 % for ( σ y ). Empirical equations were proposed to evaluate the SPT with the endurance limit stress and the residual stresses. . = . ( ) . . = . ( ) .