The authors report and describe the remarkable grain silos discovered at Tel Tsaf in the southern Levant. These tall, white, barrel-shaped towers seem to mark the first appearance of monuments of demonstrative surplus.

Skeletons of dwarfs have been found in many archaeological sites from around the world. Nevertheless, their descriptions (morphologically and metrically) are very limited. We describe herein the skeleton of a male dwarf, approximately 35-50 years old, found in the Byzantine cemetery (5 th -8 th century CE) of Rehovot-inthe-Negev, southern Israel. Living stature was estimated at 120-125 cm. Detailed morphological skeletal descriptions and morphometric analysis, together with computed tomography (CT) observations, suggest a diagnosis of achondroplasia. The long bones anomalies, in tandem with other features such as hydrocephalus and spinal stenosis, are discussed in regard to their effect on the dwarf's daily life. The putative place of dwarfs in early Christian communities, compared with dwarfs from other times and places, will be addressed.