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SUMMARYCutaneous inflammatory apocrine carcinoma is a non-common reported tumor which affects the skin causing multiple erosive lesions. The aim of this report is to describe two different cases of this atypical disease. Both cases presented with ulcerative and infiltrative lesions on cervical region. A surgical procedure was ruled out due to local infiltration and erosive condition. Case 1 was treated with bleomycin. Case 2 received just palliative treatment. In both cases the response was poor with survival times of 35 days and 15 days respectively. Clinical information about this disease is lacking on literature and more studies are warranted in order to describe better clinical presentation, treatment possibilities and prognostic.Key words: carcinoma, apocrine gland, dog. RESUMENEl carcinoma apocrino inflamatorio cutáneo es un tumor poco reportado e infrecuente que afecta la piel causando lesiones múltiples erosivas. El objetivo de este reporte es describir dos diferentes casos que presentaron este infrecuente tumor. Ambos casos presentaron lesiones ulcerativas e infiltrativas en región cervical. Debido a la condición inflamatoria y erosiva de las lesiones, fue descartado un procedimiento quirúrgico. El caso 1 fue tratado con bleomicina, mientras que el caso 2 solo recibió tratamiento paliativo. En ambos casos la respuesta fue pobre con tiempos de sobrevida de 35 y 15 días respectivamente. En la literatura actualmente existe poca información acerca de esta enfermedad y es necesario que existan más estudios que logren describir mejor la presentación clínica, posibilidades de tratamiento y el pronóstico.Palabras clave: carcinoma, glándula apocrina, canino. INTRODUCCIÓNEl término apocrino denota el tipo de secreción glandular en el que la porción apical de la célula secretora se desprende junto con los productos secretorios acumulados dentro de ella (Souza y col 2009). Las glándulas sudorí-paras apocrinas son glándulas que se localizan debajo de las glándulas sebáceas y se comunican con el interior del folículo piloso, arriba de la abertura del ducto sebáceo. Estas glándulas son más grandes y numerosas cerca de las uniones mucocutáneas, en los espacios interdigitales y en la superficie dorsal del cuello (Souza y col 2009).Los carcinomas de glándulas apocrinas son tumores poco comunes en perros, localizados principalmente en miembros torácicos, siendo más común la presencia de nódulos únicos, sin embargo la presentación de dermatitis de tipo erosivo ulcerativo también es descrita en la literatura, siendo esta denominada como carcinoma inflamatorio cutáneo (Goldschmidt y Schofer 1998, Simko y col 2003, Baharak y col 2012, Pagnoncelli y col 2012).Datos sobre el comportamiento clínico varían bastante entre los estudios, sin embargo se sugiere que generalmente este tipo de tumor se caracteriza por presentar infiltración local y en menor proporción por invadir vasos linfáticos de la dermis (Simko y col 2003). La tasa de metástasis de los carcinomas apocrinos cutáneos es baja en comparación a los carcinomas apocrinos ...

This report describes the exteriorisation of the urinary bladder in two dogs as a result of a laceration of the rectum from a traumatic pelvic fracture. Clinical examination and contrast radiography of the bladder were used as diagnostic tools. Both patients were treated with exploratory laparotomy, where traction of the bladder was utilised to pull the bladder through the traumatic rectal laceration allowing the organ to return to its normal anatomical position. This procedure was followed by surgical reconstruction of the rectum, resulting in effective resolution of each case.

Background: Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene encodes a protein associated with DNA damage repair that plays an important role in the maintenance of genome integrity. ATM transcript and protein down-regulation have been reported in sporadic breast carcinomas and the absence of ATM protein expression was also significantly associated with distant metastasis in women, but the mechanisms involved in the ATM deregulation are not well established. Aim: Due to the fact that mammary tumor biological behavior is similar between canine and humans, we evaluate ATM gene and protein expression in canine breast cancer and compared with normal mammary gland from dogs. Patients and methods: Fresh samples of non-metastatic (n=23) and metastatic mammary carcinomas (n=11) and normal breasts (n=10) were evaluated for ATM gene expression by RT-qPCR and from the same animals, another sample of tumor was collected, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded to assess ATM protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Evaluation of ATM protein expression was performed by the distribution of positively-immunostained tumor cells in scores: 1 (<25% cells positive), 2 (26% to 50% cells positive) and 3 (>51% cells positive). Results: Down expression of ATM was detected in tumors samples (non-metastatic and metastatic mammary carcinomas) when compared to normal breast samples (P= 0,0414). Additionally, scores 1 and 2 of ATM protein expression were exclusively observed in metastatic tumors presenting score 1: 18% (2 out of 11), score 2: 55% (6 out to 11) and non metastatic tumors presenting the same score 1 and 2: 17% (4 out to 23) while all normal breast tissues showed score 3 (P=0,0087). Conclusions: Down expression of ATM transcript was confirmed by ATM protein expression. Low levels of ATM suggest an involvement of DNA damage repair transcript and protein in tumorigenesis process of canine mammary tumors, as in women, corroborating for the use of dogs as a natural comparative model to study mammary gland tumors in humans. Citation Format: Talita Mariana Morata Raposo, Renata C. Bueno, Márcio de Carvalho, Carlos E. Fonseca-Alves, Mirela Tinucci-Costa, Andrigo B. De Nardi, Silvia R. Rogatto, Renée Laufer-Amorim. Down-expression of ATM gene and protein associated with canine breast tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1553. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1553

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