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BACKGROUND: To enable (pain free) functioning, individuals with brachial plexus injury (BPI) may require a higher functional capacity compared to two-handed individuals, because the load on unaffected structures is greater. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the functional capacity of individuals with BPI and healthy controls and explored differences in the functional capacity of BPI-affected individuals with respect to: those with and without hand function; affected and unaffected sides; with and without musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs). METHODS: Six functional capacity tests adjusted for one-handed function were performed by 23 BPI-affected individuals and 20 healthy controls. Hand function was assessed through physical examination and the Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to assess MSCs. RESULTS: Individuals with BPI scored lower for the two-handed tests, compared with the controls (p≤0.01, effect size (r) ≤–0.41 for both tests). However, both groups performed similar in the one-handed tests. On average individuals with BPI met the physical demands to perform sedentary to light physical work. Among BPI-affected individuals, two-handed overhead lifting capacity was higher in those with hand function than in those without hand function (p = 0.02; r = 0.33). Functional capacity tended to be lower for the unaffected side than for the affected side (4 tests; p≤0.05, r≤–0.36). Test results of BPI-affected Individuals with and without MSCs were similar. CONCLUSION: Individuals with BPI demonstrated lower two-handed functional capacity than healthy controls. Effect sizes were medium. Capacity of their unaffected side was similar to the dominant side of controls. No association was found between MSCs and functional capacity.

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