BackgroundIdentification of prior mental events of suicide attempts has immense importance in suicide prevention. However, it has not been studied in Bangladesh as there was no available psychometrically valid instrument measuring it.ObjectivesWe aimed to test the psychometric properties of the interpersonal needs questionnaire (INQ-15) and acquired capability for suicide scale-fearlessness about death (ACSS-FAD) in Bangla along with the determination of the level of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide.Materials and methodsWe collected data between 29 March and 14 April 2022 from 1,207 students of medical colleges and universities in Bangladesh by Google form. We assessed the psychometric properties of Bangla INQ and ACSS-FAD scales and examined factors associated with thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 22.82 ± 1.68 (range 18–29) years, 51% were females, 84% were graduate students, and 92% were unmarried. Both of the scales revealed acceptable levels of reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure of Bangla INQ after dropping three items from thwarted belongingness domain (item 9, 11, and 12) and a single factor structure for Bangla ACSS-FAD after dropping three items (item 1, 4, and 6). Perceived burdensomeness was significantly higher in females, students with a history of mental illness, family history of suicide, and the history of suicidal attempts. Fearlessness about death was significantly higher among females, non-Muslim participants, and history of suicidal attempts.ConclusionThe current study revealed psychometric properties of two suicide scales (INQ and ACSS-FAD) in Bangla that can be used in subsequent studies. Prevention strategies targeting to females, persons with psychiatric disorder, history of previous attempt(s) should be prioritized specially among the young age group.

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The study focused on identifying autochthonous bacteria from the indigenous catfish intestine and evaluating their impacts on survival, growth and against Aeromonas veronii infection in Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis under laboratory conditions. Candidate bacteria were isolated using Nutrient Agar (NA) and de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar in duplicate. An immersion technique was employed to determine the biosafety of these isolates in both catfish species at a dose of 107 CFU/mL. Three experimental diets: D1 (basal diet + putative Bacillus sp., 108–109 CFU/g), D2 (basal diet + 3% BioFav Aqua) and D3 (basal diet + putative Lactobacillus sp., 108–109 CFU/g) were prepared to conduct a 4‐week long feeding trial, whereas the control diet received no probiotic supplementation. The probiotic performance was analysed by comparing the growth performance and survival of C. batrachus and H. fossilis. Resistance against Aeromonas veronii infection was determined by a challenge test of catfish. Initially, 16 autochthonous isolates were collected, and among them, an isolate from C. batrachus intestine and another from the gut of H. fossilis were selected for further studies. A series of biochemical analyses identified that the putative bacteria were Bacillus sp. and Lactobacillus sp., respectively. The biosafety test showed no clinical signs of infection or mortality among experimental catfishes. All probiotic‐treated fish showed higher growth increments than control. Incorporation of Bacillus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. in the basal diet significantly (p < 0.05) improved growth and survival in both catfish, where Bacillus sp. showed the best effects in C. batrachus, and Lactobacillus sp. in H. fossilis. Intramuscular (IM) injection with A. veronii revealed that probiotic‐treated fish had better survival rates. The study demonstrated the potentiality of autochthonous bacteria to enhance growth, survival, feed efficiency and immunity and hence recommended as a better health management approach in catfish aquaculture.