Growing evidence suggests that drug and alcohol use are fueling the heterosexual transmission of HIV among African Americans. This study aims to examine the relative contribution of drug and alcohol use of male and female partners to risks of heterosexual transmission of HIV among 535 African American HIV serodiscordant couples (N = 1,070 participants) who participated in an HIV prevention trial. Associations found between use of drugs and alcohol by one or both partners and sexual risk indicators varied by type of substance and whether male or female partner or both partners reported use. The findings suggest multiple ways in which substance use of male and female partners may be contributing to the heterosexual transmission of HIV and other STDs among African Americans and underscore the need for HIV prevention strategies to address dyadic patterns of substance use that lead to sexual risks.

Several studies have been published regarding the interaction between the spike protein of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor in the host cells. In the presente work, we evaluated the in silico properties of two sea urchin pigments, Echinochrome A (EchA) and Spinochromes (SpinA) against the Spike protein (S) towards finding a potential therapeutic drug against the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The best ensemble docking pose of EchaA and SpinA showed a binding affinity of -5.9 and -6.7 kcal mol-1, respectively. The linked aminoacids (T505, G496 and Y449 for EchA and Y449, Q493 and G496 for SpinA) are in positions involved in ACE2 binding in both RBDs frim SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 suggesting that EchA and SpinA may interact with Spike proteins drom both viruses. The results suggest that these pigments could act as inhibitors of S protein, pointing them as antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2.<br>

The case of post TB is a problem that arises in the community. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can affect lung function. Therefore, we evaluated impaired pulmonary function in subjects with diagnosed prior pulmonary TB. A Case Series study, pulmonary function test was performed in subjects with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis; aged ≥18 years were included. Exclusion criteria was a subject who had asthma, obesity, abnormal thorax and smoking history. We measured FEV1 and FVC to evaluate pulmonary function. Airflow obstruction was FEV1/FVC%<75 and restriction was FVC<80% according to Indonesia’s pneumomobile project. This study was obtained from 23 patients with post pulmonary TB, 5 subjects (23%) had airflow obstruction with FEV1/FVC% value <75%, 15 subjects (71.4%) had abnormalities restriction with FVC value <80% and 3 subjects (5.6%) had normal lung function. Obstructive lung disease is one of the complications of impaired lung function in post pulmonary TB.

Recently, a key motive for innovation has been the generation of economic value. Currently we are facing a challenge to develop new approaches to involving the public in solving social problems through innovation based on collaboration and cooperation. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement to shape a favorable environment for innovation, creating both economic and social value. The purpose of this study is to reveal mechanisms for the development of social innovation that can be successfully introduced and implemented in Russia. The advantage of a systems-based approach to social innovation is that social innovation is defined as institutional change leading to the emergence of new routines (traditions) or practices. The use of benchmarking, along with comparative and historical analysis, to study foreign experiences of social innovation makes it possible to identify best practice in creating the conditions needed to develop social innovations, organize innovation processes and promote systemic innovations. On the basis of information received, key mechanisms of social innovation were identified, including that of innovation mediation. The system capabilities of Living Labs in the promotion of social innovations were, in particular, investigated.

Digital development of the global economy has increasingly severe implications for business, society and State. The so-called digital transformation (DX) has already turned from a scientific paradigm to reality, adjusting the development strategies of entire states, changing the face of social infrastructure and reformatting business processes. The market participants now face serious challenges: how to build their own business model and how to find their place in the digital ecosystem of the nearest future, drawing on digital technologies. That is precisely why the research and approbation of approaches to building an information model of a digital corporation are not only topical, but also very timely. The article provides an overview of several important studies in the field of DX, along with a comparative analysis of classical and digital models of corporate governance; it also shows the potential for the development of the CPM concept (Corporate performance management) considering the DX requirements and the advantages of the evolutionary planning approach. The authors present the paradigm of building information and analytical systems for digital corporation management with the use of advanced business intelligence based on dynamic intellectual models. The article describes examples of real projects on the development of support systems for decision-making in terms of marketing and financial management, including business effects from the use of similar systems.