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The experiments conducted on laboratory non-linear albino mature male rats with a quick type of acetylation examined renal function under conditions of cadmium-nitrate intoxication. A combined introduction of cadmium chloride (0.1 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and sodium nitrate (500 mg/kg intragastrically) during 14 days was found to result in 31.2 % increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Due to increased GFR volume regulating, excretory kidney functions are activated that was assessed by endogenic creatinine clearance. In case of lack of hypercreatininemia the concentration of creatinine in the urine 16.5 % increased, creatinine excretion became 31.8 % higher. Concentration of sodium ions in the urine 67.8 % decreased, and excretion with urine decreased three times as much. Concentration of sodium ions in the blood plasma 6.6 % decreased. Al though renal regulation of sodium ions metabolism was not disturbed: distal reabsorption did not change, proximal reabsorption 24.4 % increased. Retention of tubular mechanisms of sodium metabolism regulation and glomerular-tubular balance are indicative of adaptive possibilities of the kidneys of mature rats with a quick type of acetylation ensuring maintenance of water-electrolytic balance under conditions of subacute cadmium-nitrate effect. Further investigations of the effect of a combined action of cadmium chloride and sodium nitrate on mature rats with slow acetylation and comparative analysis of the renal function are of great importance in order to assess a prognostic value of acetylation phenotype in the development of nephropathy.

L'état de la fonction des reins des rats sexuellement matures de type rapide d'acétylation dans les conditions d'intoxication sous-aiguë de cadmium-nitrate et d'introduction préventive d'Echinacea purpurea Le but de l'étude. Étudier les changements dans la fonction rénale des rats sexuellement matures des acétylateurs rapides avec l'intoxication aiguë de cadmium-nitrate en conditions de l'introduction préventive d'Echinacea purpurea. Méthodes. Des rats mâles de 6 mois avec un type d'acétylation rapide étaient divisés en 3 groupes: I-de contrôle; II-des rats avec le modèle d'intoxication aiguë de cadmium-nitrate; III-des rats auxquels une heure et demie avant la modélisation était introduite, par la voie intragastrique (i/g), la teinture alcoolique de rhizomes frais avec des racines d'Echinacea purpurea (Ltd «DKP» usine pharmaceutique Vishpha «, Ukraine; 0,25 ml/kg). Résultats. Sous l'influence de l'administration prophylactique d'Echinacea purpurea chez des rats

Neurodegenerative disorders in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus are one of the most common causes of disability and mortality in patients with diabetes. Excessive glucose concentration causes a toxic effect due to an increased amount of glycolysis products, lipid and protein peroxide oxidation, decreased membranous potential of the mitochondria and deficiency of neuron energy supply due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Gammaamino butyric acid is known to localize to the mitochondria, and its functional cycle is closely linked to glucose metabolism. Objective of the study: experimental investigation of сarbacetam effect with cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The experiments were conducted on laboratory nonlinear albino male rats with the body weight 0.18–0.20 kg. Type 2 diabetes is modeled on streptozotocin and a high-fat diet. Carbacetam was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg, once daily for 14 days. Under conditions of central nervous system damage induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus, lipid and protein peroxide oxidation increases in the mitochondrial fraction of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats; activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase decreases; a relative rate of mitochondrial swelling increases. After carbacetam administration during 14 days the content of products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid and protein oxidation modification decrease in the mitochondria of the brain and hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus; activity of catalase in the cerebral cortex and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in the hippocampus increases, activity of succinate dehydrogenase increases in both structures examined which is indicative of its antioxidant properties. Decrease of a relative rate of mitochondrial swelling in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats confirms a protective effect of carbacetam under conditions of mitochondrial dysfunction.

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