Associated tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus in Santiago de Chile Metropolitan area Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as an important risk factor to tuberculosis (TB). However, there is significant diabetes under registration among tuberculosis cases which does not allow quantify the magnitude of this group. This study aims to determine the prevalence of DM among TB cases diagnosed in 2012 in Santiago de Chile, metropolitan area and to estimate the association of these two diseases. Method: A cross sectional study was undertaken. TB cases reported in the National Register of Tuberculosis were sought in the Information System for Management of Health Guarantees (SIGGES) to determine we ther or not they had be sides DM. The analysis of prevalence by age, sex and health service area was carried out, prevalence ratio was used to determine the level of association, and incidence rate of tuberculosis among diabetics and non-diabetics was estimated. Results: 23 TB cases were excluded for lack of necessary information, leaving a total of 821 cases.

Tuberculosis treatment default: profile of patients in Chile Treatment default is one of the most important factors that reduce the efficiency of tuberculosis therapy and its causes are associated with factors related to patient, drugs and health system. In Chile, default rate has remained around 7%, despite the different strategies implemented for its prevention. This study corresponds to the analysis of audits performed in cases of default and seeks to define a profile of these patients and determine the main causes that influence this result. Methodology: Descriptive study of the information contained in the audits sent between 2009 and 2013. Results: 134 audits were analyzed. Activity compliance was 35.9% and an incomplete record was observed in most cases. Most patients were male, between 15 and 45 years old and 91% was their first episode of tuberculosis. 62.7% had some risk factor associated with default, especially alcohol and drug abuse and 16.5% were homeless. Most cases default during the intermittent treatment phase and the cause of abandonment was mainly associated with patient factors such as substance abuse, feeling well and job instability. Conclusion: These findings reinforce the importance of applying the score of treatment default risk in patients entering treatment to establish strategies to prevent it.

New methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis Resumen Hasta antes de 2007, el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis se basaba en la baciloscopía y el cultivo. Desde entonces, y ante la necesidad de contar con diagnósticos más rápidos y más sensibles y que permitan conocer el perfil de resistencia de los enfermos, han surgido múltiples test diagnósticos basados en pruebas moleculares que ya están siendo recomendados para su uso programático por la

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