The increase in average life expectancy, accompanied by medical and technological advances, translates into an increase in chronic diseases and a constant updating of therapeutic strategies whose success depends on patient compliance. This scoping review followed the JBI methodology, according to the PCC method, and the aim was to identify measures associated with nursing care that improve the therapeutic adherence of the elderly with a chronic disease. These nursing interventions include continuous monitoring and surveillance, in person or digitally, using videos, remote monitoring software, or teleconsultations; personalized therapeutic plans; skills training based on a model of information, motivation, and behavior; the explanation of the value and therapeutic intent of the care plan; cognitive behavioral therapy; and the continuous validation through the teach-back method. Evidence shows the relevance of nursing intervention in the process of health education to the elderly person.

Considering the age-related physiological and pathological changes, it´s relevant to analyze the scientific production regarding the contributions of equine-assisted therapy (EAT) to the health of elderly people (EP). This scoping review followed the JBI methodology, according to the PCC method. EAT has had benefits in healthy EP: increasing trunk neuromuscular activation, balance, flexibility, agility, and coordination. In Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, it's associated with an improvement in predictive fall risk factors. It´s also associated with reduced spasticity and improved mental well-being in EP with spinal cord injury. In arthritis, a decrease the intensity and frequency of pain and increase of range of motion. Regarding mental health, EAT increases psychological stability, social stimulation, relaxation, and the evocation of positive memories. In post-traumatic stress disorder, it can increase a sense of self-security. Concomitantly, it may be associated with an improvement of EP memory. The integration of EAT into therapeutic plans for EP should be considered by health professionals.

Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world and is a silent disease characterized by low bone strength that results in an increased risk of fracture. The benefits of being physically active in advanced ages to reduce the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and improve functional capacities are well known. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a peripheral bone densitometry technique that is rapidly gaining in popularity for the assessment of skeletal status, along with fall risk assessment. This chapter consists of a brief review of the literature on osteoporosis and describes ongoing activities on bone density and fall risk prevention in Algarve, Portugal as part of EIP AHA´s action group on fall prevention with the presentation of a preliminary study. This study aimed to demonstrate that the postmenopausal female seniors who adhere to the recommendations for the regular program of physical activity after osteoporosis screening one year later show a slower decrease in BMD.