Abstract. Tanjung A, Saragih HTSSG, Trijoko, Soenarwan HP, Widianto S, Mahardhika IWS, Daryono BS. 2019. Polymorphism of myostatin gene and its association with body weight traits in a hybrid of GAMA chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus Linn. 1758). Biodiversitas 20: 3207-3212. An experiment was conducted to detect SNP of the myostatin gene and its association with the body weight of hybrid chicken crossbreed from F1 Kamper and BC1 Broiler. Four F1 Kamper hens were crossbred with BC1 Broiler rooster. Day old chick (DOC) hatched were maintained for 49 days with body weight measurement every seven days. The blood samples from 49 days old chicken were taken for DNA isolation by Chelex 5% method and then amplification of the myostatin gene. PCR products were sequenced, and sequence alignment was performed using Clustal Omega to obtain SNP. The SNP obtained was analyzed by the Pearson correlation test with the body weight of forty nine-days-old chickens. The body weight of the hybrid chicken is higher than of Pelung chicken but lower than the Broiler. There are 7 SNPs in myostatin gene exons included 2 Adenine insertions, 1 Guanine deletion, and four substitutions (C2244G, G2283A, T4842G, G7378T) that yield nine haplotypes. Six haplotypes had different protein sequences with Myostatin protein, while three haplotypes were identical to Myostatin protein. The correlation analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.736) between normal Myostatin protein and mutant to chicken body weight at 49-days-old. Adenine insertion to nucleotide 2099-2100 of myostatin gene had a very strong positive correlation (r = 0.800) to 49-days-old chicken body weight, although T4842G substitution had a strong negative relationship (r = -0.773) to 49-days-old chicken body weight. Adenine insertion to nucleotide 2099-2100 of myostatin gene could be a genetic marker of heavier body weight of the hybrid chicken.

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) has diverse varieties with different secondary metabolite content. Postharvest treatment with low-temperature storage and chitosan coating is expected to expand the shelf life of sweet potatoes. The combination of these treatments will affect the secondary metabolite content of diverse sweet potato varieties. Therefore, this study aims to observe the secondary metabolite content and shelf life extension of 3 sweet potato varieties after coating with chitosan and low-temperature storage. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a three-factors experiment. The first factor was chitosan concentration at 0, 10, 15, and 20 g/L, the second was storage room temperature at 25, 15, and 5 °C, while the third was the color of sweet potato varieties namely white, purple, and orange from Tembakur and Mendut varieties. Meanwhile, the control group was tubers without chitosan coating at a storage temperature of 25 °C. Each treatment had five replications and the parameters assessed were changes in wet weight, hardness, respiration, the total chlorophyll level, carotenoid, vitamin C, reducing sugar, and the level of flavonoid. Data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance and then continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a significance level of 5%. The result showed that low-temperature storage combined with chitosan coating affected the shelf life of sweet potatoes. Overall, the best storage temperature was 15 °C, indicated by the highest residual secondary metabolite and the most extended shelf life. The 5°C treatment decreased oxygen consumption during storage, as indicated by a low respiration rate. However, this storage temperature caused a chilling injury and culminated in the shorter shelf life of all examined sweet potatoes. The best coating was achieved by chitosan 15 g/L, indicated by the capability to coat sweet potato surface and maintain the high content of all targeted chemical components. The results also revealed that 20 g/L chitosan concentration is not practical for coating due to its in elasticity and the potential to create a crack in the coating layer.

Berjo adalah sebuah desa di lereng Gunung Lawu, tepatnya di Kecamatan Ngargoyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah.  Pembudidaya anggrek di daerah tersebut telah memulai usaha pembesaran anggrek sejak empat tahun yang lalu. Pengusaha mikro ini mampu menghasilkan dan menjual produk berupa tanaman anggrek remaja dan dewasa meskipun dalam kapasitas terbatas. Upaya meningkatkan kapasitas produksi terkendala oleh kemampuan memperoleh bibit secara mandiri. Kebutuhan bibit masih mengandalkan pasokan dari luar. Program kemitraan masyarakat ini dirancang untuk memberikan solusi permasalahan mitra melalui penerapan kultur jaringan. Biji anggrek sulit dikecambahkan karena tidak memiliki cadangan makanan bagi embrio untuk tumbuh dan berkembang. Teknik kultur jaringan adalah cara paling efisien mengecambahkan biji anggrek dengan memberi asupan nutrisi secara aseptis. Kegiatan pengabdian meliputi aktivitas edukasi (transfer knowledge), instalasi peralatan dengan penyediaan enkas dan autoklaf sederhana, serta pendampingan praktek kultur jaringan dengan teknik aseptik untuk memperoleh bibit anggrek. Hasil kegiatan yang telah diperoleh yaitu petani sudah mampu membuat media kultur jaringan secara mandiri;  melakukan kegiatan penanaman biji anggrek di dalam botol kultur dengan teknik aseptik dengan bantuan enkas. Enkas adalah suatu ruang penanaman steril yang membatasi udara keluar masuk. Biji anggrek yang dikulturkan sudah berhasil tumbuh meskipun masih ada kotaminasi pada beberapa botol kultur.

Pabongan Orchid adalah unit usaha mikro dibidang florikultur khususnya budidaya anggrek yang terletak di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Melalui jalinan kemitraan dengan Prodi Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Pabongan Orchid memperoleh teknologi pembibitan anggrek melalui teknik kultur jaringan selama dua tahun terakhir. Keberhasilan ini menjadikan Pabongan Orchid mandiri dari sisi pembibitan, serta mampu mengembangkan pemasarannya melalui diversifikasi produk. Konsekuensi dari kemajuan ini adalah, 1) kebutuhan akan kapasitas ruang penanaman anggrek yang lebih besar untuk mengimbangi laju produksi bibit, 2) kualitas ruang penanaman juga membutuhkan update teknologi agar bisa menghasilkan produk yang terkontrol dan seragam. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan menerapkan teknologi berbasis internet, yang diberikan istilah smart greenhouse dan virtual garden, untuk produksi dan pemasaran anggrek. Satu unit rumah penanaman anggrek dibangun seluas 10×12 m2 dengan teknologi yang mampu menjalankan fungsi monitoring dan otomatisasi. Smart greenhouse menambah kapasitas produksi bibit sebanyak 50%. Adapun virtual garden adalah halaman website yang menampilkan suasana kebun anggrek sedekat mungkin dengan kondisi aslinya serta bisa mengakomodasi penjualan online. Strategi pemasaran dengan teknologi nirsentuh sangat adaptif untuk menyikapi kondisi pandemi dimana kontak fisik sangat dibatasi. Dengan pendekatan teknologi tepat guna di atas, diharapkan kapasitas produksi dan pemasaran anggrek terus meningkat.