Introduction: A number of recent literatures suggest a potential role of H 2 S and H 2 S modifying agents in the etiology and management of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: The current study was aimed to evaluate the plasma levels of H 2 S in the patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and to find out if there is any relationship of H 2 S concentrations with the fasting blood glucose levels. Methods: Plasma H 2 S levels were measured in sixty two recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and compared with similar number of healthy volunteers as controls. Results: The plasma H 2 S level in the patients (81.17 ± 16.40 micromol/l) is significantly higher (P< 0.001) than the healthy controls (50.69 ± 8.69 micromol/l) and the H 2 S levels in plasma have significant positive correlation (r= 0.359, P=0.004) with fasting blood glucose levels. Conclusion: The present study has elucidated that the patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus are associated with elevated plasma H 2 S levels which are well correlated with glucose levels. This reveals a potential role of H 2 S modulators towards the management of this non-communicable epidemic disorder.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is frequently associated with the development of premature atherosclerotic vascular disease and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Approximately 80% of all deaths and more than 75% of all hospitalizations are due to CAD. Individuals with DM are usually associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Common Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCAIMT) is now also considered as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted from Jan, 2011 to June, 2012 among Type-II diabetes, aged between 30-80yrs. Patients with Type-I diabetes, aged <30yrs or >80yrs and other secondary causes of diabetes, hypertensive, smokers and patients under therapy with lipid lowering drugs were excluded from this study. The biochemical tests were done in the department of Biochemistry, Nilratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital, using standardized reagent kits. CCAIMT was measured by high resolution imaging using 10MHz transducer in the department of Radiodiagnosis, Nilratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital. Results: The results of our study indicate that dyslipidemic diabetic patients had significantly higher blood glucose at any phase along with glycated haemoglobin compared to controls. The lipid variables were also significantly higher in the diabetes patients with dyslipidemia compared to controls except HDL levels were significantly higher in control. CCAIMT was higher in the dyslipidemic group (1.71 ± 0.57mm) compared to the non-dyslipidemic group (0.77 ± 0.10) which was statistically significant (p value <0.001). Conclusion: CCAIMT reflects the cumulative burden of atherosclerosis and is highly correlated and predicted well by Total-C/HDL-C ratio in Type-II diabetic patients. So it is advised that a direct examination of the vessel wall is extremely essential for early detection of the affected individuals so that the cost burden in Intensive coronary care unit can be minimized and also the individual can be advised to control the extensive dyslipidemia through dietary restrictions and exercise. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.8450 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.9-14

Multiple myeloma (MM) can present with involvement of the central nervous system in the form of nerve palsy, plasma cell masses or, rarely, with endocrinological effects due to involvement of the pituitary gland. Usually, in such cases, the disease has a rapid progression and poor prognosis. We report a 52-year-old man who was admitted to the Kolkata Medical College, Kolkata, India, in 2016 with a prolonged low-grade fever and hypernatremia. Shortly afterwards, the patient began to complain of increased urinary frequency and drowsiness. The hypernatremia was treated with intranasal desmopressin and free water replacement. Serum protein electrophoresis and an immunofixation study revealed an immunoglobulin G-κ monoclonal band. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland revealed the absence of a posterior bright spot and spotty infiltration of the pituitary fossa. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of cranial diabetes insipidus due to posterior pituitary MM infiltration.

A 46-year-old male construction worker was admitted to a clinic in Kolkata, India, in 2016 with a sudden-onset black rash appearing in patches all over his body. He had sprained his left foot two days previously for which he was prescribed oral diclofenac tablets at a dose of 50 mg three times a day. He had taken three doses of the drug before noticing the skin lesions; however, he continued taking the drug due to the pain and presented to the clinic on the third day when the lesions became extensive. He was not currently taking any other drugs and had no history of similar skin lesions.On examination, the patient was noted to have darkly pigmented patches on his trunk and both the upper and lower limbs [ Figure 1]. The patches covered more than 50% of his body surface and were nonpruritic and non-tender, with sharply demarcated margins and surrounding erythema. No evidence of mucosal lesions or hair or nail changes was seen. The patient was treated with local emollients and a steroid cream. A skin biopsy revealed interface dermatitis with vacuolar changes. The patient was diagnosed with a fixed drug eruption (FDE) caused by the diclofenac. After 10 days, the patches became scaly and started to desquamate [ Figure 2].

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem not only in India but worldwide. Our country presently is undergoing an epidemic stage of this non-communicable disease.Though several etiological background of type 2 diabetes has been well explained, yet a number of recent literatures suggested a potential role H2S producing enzymes in the etiology and management of this metabolic disorder.Aims and Objectives: Our aim was to elucidate the relationship of H2S synthesizing activity in plasma and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and equal number of non-diabetic controls were included in the study. Enzymatic activity of synthesizing H2S in plasma was estimated following methods described earlier with further modification and standardization in our laboratory. All other parameters were estimated by using standardized kits.Results:  FBG, PPBG, HbA1C, Fasting Insulin,  H2S synthesizing activity in plasma in patients are significantly higher (p< 0.05) than the corresponding values in healthy controls H2S synthesizing activity in plasma is positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose and the correlations is significant(p=0.05).Conclusion: Our study though a pilot study with a small sample size, has elucidated that the values of H2S synthesizing activity in plasma are significantly elevated in type 2 diabetic patients and this may help researchers to develop H2S modifying agents and enzyme inhibitors which may open up new horizon in the treatment modalities of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 6-10