Process analytical technology (PAT) has been defined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a system for designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing through timely measurements to ensure final product quality. Based on qualityby-design (QbD) principles, real-time data monitoring is essential for timely control of critical quality attributes (CQAs) to keep the process in a state of control. To facilitate next-generation continuous bioprocessing, deployment of PAT tools for