IntroductionThe global spread of the COVID-19 has brought about global changes, especially in terms of economic growth. Therefore, it has become a global issue to explore the impact of public health security on the economy.MethodsEmploying a dynamic spatial Durbin model, this study analyzes the spatial linkage mechanism of medical level, public health security, and economic climate in 19 countries as well as investigates the relationship between economic climate and COVID-19 by the panel data of 19 OECD European Union countries from March 2020 to September 2022.ResultsResults show that an improvement in the medical level can reduce the negative impact of public health security on the economy. Specifically, there is a significant spatial spillover effect. The degree of economic prosperity hurts the reproduction rate of COVID-19.DiscussionPolicymakers should consider both the severity of the public health security issues and the economic level when developing prevention and control policies. Given this, corresponding suggestions provide theoretical support for formulating policies to reduce the economic impact of public health security issues.

Current research on carbon emissions and economic development has tended to apply more homogeneous low-frequency data to construct VAR models with impulse responses, ignoring some of the sample information in high-frequency data. This study constructs a MIDAS model to forecast GDP growth rate based on monthly carbon emission data and quarterly GDP data in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that: (1) The MIDAS model has smaller RMSE than the VAR model in short-term forecasting, and provides more stable real-time forecasts and short-term forecasts of quarterly GDP growth rates, which can provide more accurate reference intervals; (2) China’s future macroeconomic growth rate has recently declined due to the impact of the sudden epidemic, but the trend is generally optimistic. By improving urban planning and other methods, the authorities can achieve the two-carbon goal of carbon capping and carbon neutrality at an early date. In the context of the impact of COVID-19 on China’s economic development, we need to strike a balance between ensuring stable economic growth and ecological protection, and build environmentally friendly cities, so as to achieve sustainable economic and ecological development and enhance human well-being.

In recent years, the Chinese government has gradually introduced the multi-child policy to control the aging phenomenon. The aging of the Chinese population has aroused international attention. How the aging of the Chinese population will affect housing prices makes this study focus on the question. This study fitted the housing demand curve using the CGSS database and found that the housing demand will continue to rise as residents enter middle age. After residents enter old age, housing demand shows a slow decline. Then, this study establishes the spatial Dubin model to analyze the influence mechanism of population aging on housing prices in China, and finds that aging has a positive impact on housing prices. However, with the intensification of the aging phenomenon in China, the benefits brought by the welfare housing distribution system to the elderly will be gradually consumed, and the insufficient supply of social labor force and the stagnation of total output, its positive impact on housing prices will gradually weaken or even become negative.