Ischemic stroke caused by arterial occlusion is the most common type of stroke and is one of the leading causes of disability and death, with the incidence increasing each year. Fyn is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the Src family of kinases (SFKs), which is related to many normal and pathological processes of the nervous system, including neurodevelopment and disease progression. In recent years, more and more evidence suggests that Fyn may be closely related to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, including energy metabolism disorders, excitatory neurotoxicity, intracellular calcium homeostasis, free radical production, and the activation of apoptotic genes. This paper reviews the role of Fyn in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, including neuroexcitotoxicity and neuroinflammation, to explore how Fyn affects specific signal cascades and leads to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, Fyn also promotes the production of superoxide and endogenous NO, so as to quickly react to produce peroxynitrite, which may also mediate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is discussed in this paper. Finally, we revealed the treatment methods related to Fyn inhibitors and discussed its potential as a clinical treatment for ischemic stroke.

A series of triterpene dimers bearing different scaffold were designed and synthesized via CuAAC reaction. Their anti-HCV entry activities were evaluated by HCVpp and VSVpp entry assays. It was found that echinocystic acid (EA) and its dimer were still necessary for maintaining anti-HCV entry activity, and replacement of EA by other triterpenes might significantly decrease its anti-viral activities. Using a linker bearing a piperazine group, compound 14 dramatically increased its potency with IC 50 at 2.87 nmol/L. In addition, the undesired hemolytic effect of all these compounds was removed.