as catalysts at 120°C for 6-8 h. Sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and succinic acid were used as the acid catalysts, whereas sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide were used as the basic catalysts. During the course of the reaction a periodical shaking was needed to ensure thorough mixing. After completion of the reaction, the contents were collected with ice-cold water. The product was filtered and washed repeatedly to drive out the unreacted materials.A typical polymer structure for metal ion chelacopolymers derived from the semicarbazone derivatives of 2-hydroxy acetophenone-substituted benzoic acids-formaldehyde resins. tion is presented below. EXPERIMENTAL Preparation of Resins MethodThe copolymers were prepared by refluxing a mix- Table I. ION EXCHANGE STUDY* To whom correspondence should be addressed.Resins were ground in a pebble mill, dry sieved to obtain a 40/60 mesh range fraction, then placed in

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Hybrid polymer networks based on unsaturated polyester (UPE) and epoxidized soybean oil acrylate (ESOA) were synthesized by reactive blending through free radical addition polymerization reaction. ESOA was prepared by acrylation of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). The physical, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of the cured blends were compared with the neat resin. ESOA resin bearing reactive functional groups showed good miscibility and compatibility with the UPE resin. The co-cured resin showed substantial upgrading in the toughness, impact resistance, thermal properties, and downgrading brittleness up to the addition of 20 wt % of ESOA content. The muddled phase structure was corroborated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscopy and proved the formation of excellent hybrid polymer network. An improvement in overall properties has been achieved without seriously affecting any other properties. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44345.

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