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The availability of lead and nickel in soil is greatly influenced by farmyard manure. We conducted two pot culture experiments in an Aeric Haplaquept to study the mobility of lead and nickel in soil and their uptake by sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) plant as influenced by the application of farmyard manure. Application of lead (0-500 mg kg 71 ) and nickel (0-500 mg kg 71 ) at different doses to soil and plant increased their availability and such increase was counteracted by the application of farmyard manure (0-3% by weight of soil). The lead and nickel concentrations in soil and shoot dry matter of sesame gradually decreased with the progress of crop growth. The highest DTPAextractable Pb and Ni was 119.3 and 215.5 mg kg 71 in the treatment Pb 500 and Ni 500 , respectively, at 15 days of incubation. The highest Pb and Ni concentrations in the shoot of sesame plant were 23.8 and 24 mg kg 71 observed in the treatment Pb 500 and Ni 500 , respectively, at 15 days of crop growth. The toxic limit of applied Pb and Ni concentration to soil for shoot growth of sesame plant was 50 and 100 mg kg 71 , respectively.

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A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2018-19 and 2019-20 at the farm of Regional Research station, Old Alluvial Zone, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal to study the Performance of direct seeded rice (var. GB-1) under integrated nutrient practices. Highest number of effective tillers plant-1 (17.81), panicle length (29.56 cm) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (262.15) as well as seed yield (3051.89 kg ha-1) have been observed where direct seed rice crop received 75% of the recommended dose of fertilizers, FYM @ 5ton ha-1 and brown manuring with dhaincha. Highest number of effective tillers plant-1 (18.86), panicle length (28.89 cm) and number of filled grains panicle-1 (260.54) and seed yield (3079.92 kg ha-1) have also been observed with spraying of Vermiwash and N-P-K 19:19:19 at 35 DAS and 55 DAS respectively to the direct seeded rice crop. An increasing trend in residual fertility status has also been observed with this treatment compared to the initial fertility status of the soil. This treatment can be an acceptable option of integrated nutrient management practice for the direct seeded rice growers of the old alluvial zone.

The experimental work was carried out during the rabi seasons (November to February) of the year 2018 and 2019 at Instructional field of RRS (OAZ), Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India to study the growth and yield performance of different varieties from toria, rapeseed and Indian mustard with three different spacing combinations under System of Mustard Intensification (SMI) technology. The seedlings were raised in micro-pots (2×2.5 cm2 size) and transplanted in the main plot. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three levels of plant spacing (25×25 cm2, 45×45 cm2, 60×60 cm2) and included 3 varieties one each from toria, rapeseed and Indian mustard group. Among different treatment combinations, variety Bhagirathi (from Indian mustard group), in combination with spacing of 60×60 cm2 (S3V3) was recorded with highest yield (1348.08 kg ha-1) followed by its rest of the combinations with 25×25 cm2 (1331.42 kg ha-1) and 45cm×45 cm (1320.67 kg ha-1), i.e. S1V3 and S2V3, respectively. Plant height (cm) was also recorded highest with S3V3 treatment followed by S2V3 and S1V3. Total chlorophyll (mg 100 g-1) content was recorded highest with the same Bhagirathi variety S1V3 treatment (18.99) followed by S2V3 (17.45) and S3V3 (17.61). Amongst the yield attributing characters, number of secondary branches, number of siliqua plant-1 and total chlorophyll content were recorded highest with the Bhagirathi variety from the Indian mustard group with the spacing of 60×60 cm2 (S3V3).