Background: Glucosamine modification of Bordetella pertussis lipid A stimulates host-specific immunity. Results: Charged amino acids mediate host-specific responses to glucosamine modification, whereas uncharged amino acids are critical for responses to B. pertussis lipid A. Conclusion: Multiple sites of interaction, both conserved and unique, are utilized for discrimination of lipid A variants. Significance: This is the first study to systematically dissect penta-acylated lipid A recognition.

British Columbia is a leader in diabetes care at school; its current program is perceived to be safe and effective by parents and coordinators.There is near-unanimous support for the integration of continuous glucose-monitoring devices into the school care plan. Achieving optimal diabetes care for children at school is a fine balance between individualization, best clinical practices and safety.

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