The present study aimed to evaluate efficacy of microvesicles (MVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells on healing of experimentally induced full-thickness skin wound in donkeys.6 adult healthy donkeys were subjected to two full thickness skin wounds on the back region.Hence; two groups were evaluated; wounds on the left side were treated with injection of saline solution 24 hrs post wounding (PW)and repeated at day 7 PW as control group and wounds on the right side treated with MVs solution 24 hrs PW and repeated at day 7 PW. Wounds were clinically for determination of wound surface area and percentage of wound contraction. Histopathological evaluation was performed at days 21 and 42PW. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed at 21 days PW for detection of the activity against CD31 and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) markers. The wound surface area progressively decreased in both MVs and control groups and it was significantly lower in MVs group than the control group. The percentage of wound contraction was significantly higher in MVs group than the control group. Histopathological evaluation revealed better findings in MVs group compared to the control group. MVs group showed high immunreactivity against both CD31 and α-SMA antigensand the control group showed no immunreactivity against both antigens.In conclusion, mesenchymal stem cells derived microvesicles could promote neovascularization, re-epithelialization and collagen deposition at wound sites and thus accelerate wound healing in experimentally induced full thickness skin wounds in donkeys when compared to the control group.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CCNPs)/Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)/Advanced-PRF composite to induce new bone formation and accelerate bone regeneration when be used to fill an experimentally critical defect in radial bone of rabbits. Twenty-four adult apparently healthy New Zealand white rabbits aged from 5-to 6 months and weighing 3.5 ± 0.5 kg were used in this study and were divided into two groups, group A: was left empty as a control. Group B: we used CCNPs/AgNPs/A-PRF composite. During observation, period rabbits were observed clinically and radiographically at 2,4,8,12 weeks post-operation. Results: the radiographic finding showed a great significant difference between the two groups and the CCNPs/AgNPs/A-PRF composite could make complete healing at the end of the observation period. Conclusion: radiographical studies revealed that CCNPs/AgNPs/A-PRF composite has exalted efficacy to induce new bone formation.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CCNPs) and Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to induce new bone formation and accelerate bone regeneration when be used to fill an experimentally critical defect in the radial bone of rabbits. 24 adult apparently healthy New Zealand white rabbits aged from 5-6 months and weighing 3.5 ± 0.5 kg were used in this study and were divided into two groups, group A: we used CCNPs paste only. Group B: we used CCNPs/Ag NPs paste. During the observation period, rabbits were observed clinically and radiographically at 2,4,8,12 weeks post-operation. Results: the total radiographic score showed that there was a significant difference between groups (A) and group (B) at the eighth postoperative week and at the period of observation (12 weeks) while there was no significant difference at second and fourth post an operative week. Conclusion: radiographical studies revealed that CCNPs and Ag NPs have the ability to induce new bone formation and CCNPs/AgNPs paste was able to make relatively complete healing at the end of the observation period.

Despite the pivotal role of α2 -agonists for standing sedation in horses, these drugs possess several dose-dependent side effects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of nalbuphine or ketamine on xylazine requirements necessary to provide constantly moderate sedation in horses. Five healthy adult horses were subjected to three randomized treatments at one-week intervals as follows: xylazine (XYL) (xylazine: 0.55 mg/kg, IV; saline: bolus & CRI); xylazine/nalbuphine (XYL/NAL) (xylazine: 0.55 mg/kg, IV; nalbuphine: 0.3 mg/kg, IV & 0.23 mg/kg/hour CRI) and xylazine/ketamine (XYL/KET) (xylazine: 0.55 mg/kg, IV; ketamine: 0.1 mg/kg, IV & 0.5 mg/kg/hour CRI). On all occasions, moderate sedation was maintained for 120 minutes by administering additional xylazine boluses (0.14 mg/kg, IV) whenever lower sedation was demonstrated. All treatments were assessed in terms of the degree of sedation, the time of administering the first additional xylazine bolus, and xylazine requirements (presented as mg/kg/hour) for maintaining moderate sedation for 120 minutes. The degree of ataxia and adverse events were also monitored. Sedation scores were significantly higher than the baseline for all treatments over 120 minutes. A longer time before the first additional xylazine bolus and lower xylazine requirements (lower calculated infusion rates) for maintaining moderate sedation were evident following the XYL/NAL and XYL/KET treatments compared to the XYL treatment. All treatments were associated with an acceptable degree of ataxia and limited behavioral effects. In conclusion, both nalbuphine and ketamine were efficient in reducing xylazine requirements for constant sedation in horses. Further study is required for comprehensive testing of all studied combinations to elucidate the potential advantages of the demonstrated xylazine sparing effect.

Several studies demonstrate the effectiveness of eye drops Platelet Rich Plasma (E-PRP) as a promoter of the healing of different ophthalmological disorders in human, due to the high concentration of growth factors as EGF, PDGF-BB and Fibronectin which represent the key to obtain the desired regenerative effects on the ocular surface. There is different protocol for PRP eye drops preparation for use in human corneal disorders. This study was to evaluate an easy and affordable technique for preparation of canine autologous E-PRP according to standard measure used before for human corneal disorders to be used in canine corneal ulcers in comparison with control group, all treatments were applied four times daily. Twelve healthy dogs were divided into two groups first group included eight dogs which received autologous E-PRP compared with second group which included four dogs and received saline eye drops as control. Complete blood count is performed to whole blood and E-PRP to validate last one content of platelets which must equal more 1.5 those in whole blood. E-PRP contain platelets 2.41-fold than those in whole blood with one step centrifugation technique.Autologous canine E-PRP mean healing time was 3.62±0.23 days while with control group mean healing time was 6.75±0.30 days. In conclusion, As the E-PRP is now widely documented in human ophthalmology, it had been proven as a great result in veterinary practice when prepare autologous E-PRP by single step centrifugation to be used for canine corneal wound and healing rate was better than control group by significant difference. which make it novel option for treatment for canine corneal ulcer.