The growing rate of educational institutions and student population at the tertiary level in Ethiopia is remarkable; this may lead to a corresponding increase to exposure to HIV/AIDS. Based on this orientation, this study estimated the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of HIV/AIDS among university students in Ethiopia. Four hundred forty one students were chosen through multi-stage probability sampling technique. Data was collected through five point measurement scale. One sample t-test and Structural Equation Modelling based on Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed for data analysis. It was found that the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, and practice were 53%, 95%CI = -.03-.06, p = .55; 58 %, 95%CI = .01-.10, p<.05; and = 92 %, 95%CI = .37-.42, p<.001 respectively. Apart from knowledge, the observed value of attitude and practice were higher than their corresponding expected values with the effect size, d = 0.12 for attitude and d = 0.82 for practice. Implications were discussed to assist students develop comprehensive knowledge and desirable attitude towards self-protective skills against HIV infection. Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, practice, HIV/AIDS, Ethiopia, University students RésuméLe taux croissant d'établissements d'enseignement et de la population estudiantine au niveau tertiaire en Éthiopie est remarquable; Cela peut conduire à une augmentation correspondante de l'exposition au VIH / sida. Sur la base de cette orientation, cette étude a évalué le niveau de connaissances, d'attitudes et de pratiques du VIH / sida chez les étudiants éthiopiens. Quatre cent quarantedeux étudiants ont été choisis par une technique d'échantillonnage probabiliste à plusieurs étapes. Les données ont été collectées à l'aide d'une échelle de mesure à cinq points. Un test t de test et une modélisation de l'équation structurale basée sur l'analyse du facteur de confirmation (AFC) ont été utilisés pour l'analyse des données. On a constaté que le niveau de connaissance, d'attitude et de pratique du VIH / sida était de 53%, IC 95% = -3,0-0,06, p = 0,55; 58%, CI à 95% = 0,01 à 0,10, p <0,05; et = 92%, IC 95% = 0,37-0,42, p <0,001 respectivement. Outre la connaissance, la valeur observée de l'attitude et de la pratique était plus élevée que leurs valeurs attendues correspondantes avec la taille de l'effet, d = 0,12 pour l'attitude et d = 0,82 pour la pratique. Des implications ont été discutées pour aider les élèves à développer une connaissance approfondie et une attitude souhaitable à l'égard des compétences d'autoprotection contre l'infection par le VIH. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[3]: 49-61).

The purpose of the study was to examine whether Ethiopian oral stories and narratives, known as teret-teret (a story, a story), could be used as a psychotherapy technique in Ethiopia. Thirteen participants were purposively chosen for the study based on their experience with teret-teret application. They included nine elders, two folklore experts, and two counselors. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, which were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The findings demonstrated that teret-teret was a beneficial psychotherapy technique used in Ethiopia to help young adolescents mitigate their socio-emotional and behavioral challenges. The implications of the findings highlight the necessity of reconstructing and using teret-teret in structured and formal ways in schools, childcare facilities, and communities. It also suggests that future studies should concentrate on extended longitudinal studies that use a mixed-methods design.

Abstract:The study was meant to examine the prevalence of psychopathological symptoms among inmates, which in line, to suggest systems to accentuate psychosocial rehabilitation program in correction centers. The total number of participants was 420 (i.e., 384 males and 36 females). Multi-stage probability sampling (i.e., stratified, systematic and simple random) sampling techniques were employed, and for the data analysis t-test and logistic regression were applied. It was found that 48% (CI 95 = -0.08, 0.05) of inmates have been experiencing psychopathological symptoms, but not significantly different at . Thus, the number of inmates who grieves from mental and behavioral aches remains not nominal. Rehabilitation requires availability, accessibility and integration of professionals (i.e., psychologists, social workers and psychiatrists). Besides, prison tradition essentially duty-bound beyond mundane provisions comparable to shelter, food and medical treatment.

Testing the indirect effect of psychopathic personality towards recidivism has been one of the overlooked areas within criminological studies. Based on this fact, the current study articulated the mediated effect of psychopathic personality towards recidivism against criminality attitude, knowledge on criminality, prison syndrome, social exclusion, peer influence and drug abuse as premeditated factors. One-hundred and ninety-six adult offenders with repeated criminal records since three years later participated in the semi-structured interview. Structural Equation Modelling conferred drug abuse, associate influence, and social exclusions had indirect effect on recidivism through psychopathic personality. Yet, knowledge on criminality and drug abuse was partially mediated by psychopathic personality. Implications for crime prevention and reduction are discussed from the lens of policy and practice strategies.