Entrepreneurship has been recognized as one of the crucial mechanisms for a nation’s sustainable economic development. Entrepreneurship is a key engine that propels economic growth and employment opportunity creation. The purposes of this study are: (1) to develop and validate the Thailand Entrepreneurial Spirit Index (THESI) in combination with multidimensional entrepreneurial cognition scales, by examining the attitudes, motivations, and ambitions of individuals starting businesses; and (2) to investigate the impacts of a multitude of perception factors and demographic factors on entrepreneurial intent. Based on 1,180 samples of the Thai population collected via a telephone survey in 2021, the results of tetrachoric correlation and factor analysis showed that the THESI index can be formulated and explained by six variables: entrepreneurial intent (b = 0.690), opportunity recognition (b = 0.711), self-skill perception (b = 0.935), entrepreneurial networking (b = 0.743), perceived ease of doing business (b = 0.470), and fear of failure (b = –0.118). The results of binary logistic regression analysis revealed that opportunity recognition, self-skill perception, entrepreneurial networking, perceived ease of doing business, and fear of failure have significant effects on entrepreneurial intent. Interestingly, females are 36.6% less likely than males to declare entrepreneurial intent. Older adults over age 61 indicate significantly lower entrepreneurial intent, at 76.8%, compared with younger people 18 to 30 years old. The amount of formal education a person possesses has a considerable negative impact on their desire to start a business. The group of respondents holding above a bachelor’s degree sample shows 22.0% lower entrepreneurial intent than the group holding a bachelor’s degree or below. Our research is among the few pioneering efforts to provide an improved idea of how to quantify an unlikely, non-measurable concept: the entrepreneurial spirit. This novel THESI index will help national entrepreneurial policymakers evaluate the degrees of entrepreneurship at a societal level. The value of this THESI index relies upon applied simpler metrics to portray a key issue related to the interpretation of entrepreneurship at the societal level. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-05 Full Text: PDF

This paper aims to identify the root causes that exacerbated the economic damage from the 2011 Chao Phraya river flood disaster in central Thailand industrial complex area. Finding root causes is crucial for learning from disasters; however, there has not been much investigation of the economic damage root causes with regard to the 2011 Chao Phraya river flood disaster. This paper seeks to investigate the root causes of the economic damage by organizing the existing analytical frameworks, tools and approaches to clarify why industrial parks and estates experienced such substantial economic devastation that resonated worldwide. The study’s research design includes a social background survey, in-depth interview surveys and an investigation of the disaster’s root causes. Through the research, inadequate urban and land use planning facilitated by a decentralization policy, foreign companies settlement in the country, which involved urbanization and relocation without proper risk assessment, information, and knowledge, and supplier’s responsibility based on the supply chain’s structure, are detected as root causes for the high economic damage in the industrial complex area. This study also provides key lessons essential to building regional resilience in industrial complex areas: 1) considering the potential risks of regional planning, which include both socio-economic and climate changes; 2) clarifying the roles of companies, regions, and nations in sharing risk information with related stakeholders before, during, and after a disaster; and 3) building horizontal and vertical collaborations among all related stakeholders.

This study aims at clarifying households’ responses to the flood in Thailand. The result of this study helps fill the gap in literature about the factor affecting a household’s decision to evacuate in response to the flood, as such a decision varies with the type of natural disaster. The result of the study confirms that more vulnerable people are less likely to evacuate. However, they are more likely to evacuate, if at least one of their household members has reduced mobility. People in flood-prone areas exhibited moral hazards. Furthermore, people with relatively secured employment statuses are more likely to stay in the flood-prone area, to minimize their losses from the flood. If households with management-level employees received real-time and accurate updates about the flood, the decision to evacuate would be freely decided by such households, which can minimize their losses. Similarly, real-time and accurate data about potential damages and losses can reduce moral hazards. Thus, it is necessary for national and local governments to understand area-specific characteristics of people and linkages between societal vulnerability and economic resilience. The study’s implications highlight the importance of developing disaster management strategies in an integrated area-based approach.

This study investigates the behaviour for e-waste return using theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The factors influencing intention and behaviour are explored when it comes to e-waste returns in Thailand. We included attitude, social norms, perceived behavioural control, incentives, intention, and behaviour as additional variables in the model. A survey was used to collect a sample of 412 people, and the data were statistically evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). Intention was not really found to be significantly associated to subjective norms However, the relationship between incentives and return intention was found out. Intention to return and behaviour of e-waste return were also found to have a substantial positive association. The findings have aided in determining the relative magnitude of variables of intention for e-waste return that lead to returning behaviour.

Intent, initiative, immersion, impact manifest through the renewable energy embedded sustainable supply chains. The value-add is more enhanced with COP26 determination to curb methane minimum minus thirty percent. The change obviously embeds benefits, through intent on societal empowerment, initiative on water waste energy rehaul, immersion with gender aligned supply chains. This paper is on the construct of mixed method based qualitative methodology on value-add change that embeds benefits in the renewable energy embedded sustainable supply chains with methane harness. Embedded energy in supply chains can now focus on innovation retaed to methane and not alone carbon dioxide. Developing regions are vibrant with economic activity that proliferate supply chains. They innately depend on water waste energy footprint. There is resonating need for positioning sustainable supply chains with renewable energy that is gender aligned.  Methane is a ultra-potent greenhouse gas that has a win win focus on adoption of renewable energy as well as attain sustainability of energy needs of supply chains. Methane traps one hundred times more heat when present in the atmosphere. Focus on methane is potent as it gets removed within a decade, in contrast to carbon dioxide that lingers over centuries. The linkgage options through innovation, intent, impact is a contribution of this paper. Supply chain resource corridors are tenable to potential renewable inclusion. The possibility of varying the impacts of different values of the independent variables, future research can confirm the extent of renewable energy adoption with sustainable supply chain growth. One could also design for variance on the changes of location or habitats, that can define the need of a distributed and differentiated range of combinations. A metric could be designed which is responsive to varying combinations of water quality, waste parsimony and renewable energy minus methane feasibility.