The human gut microbiome is a stratified and resilient ecosystem co-inhabited by a diverse and dynamic pool of microorganisms. Microbial selection, establishment, and colonization are modulated through a complex molecular network of host-microbial interactions. These molecular bioprocesses ensure the taxonomic composition of the mature human gut microbiome. The human gut microbiome plays a vital role in host health; otherwise, any microbial dysbiosis could predispose to the onset of physiological and metabolic disorder/s. Focussed research are being carried out to identify key molecular agents defining gut homeostasis. These molecules hold the potential to develop effective therapeutic solutions for microbial dysbiosis-associated human disorders. Of these, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a central player in host-microbial crosstalk to maintain gut homeostasis. Human gut microbial metabolites regulate its cellular stability, which in turn regulates various cellular processes required for the stable gut microbiome. In the present review, an effort has been made to summarize the key role of HIF-1α to maintain gut homeostasis. HIGHLIGHTS-Explain the molecular process of host microbial molecular interactions.-Establish the explicit role of HIF-1α in intestinal epithelial integrity and gut health.-Regulation of HIF-1α by human gut commensals and vice a versa.-Regulation of the host immune response for survival and colonization of human gut commensal.

Understanding the genetic regulation of organ structure is a fundamental problem in developmental biology. Here, we use egg-producing structures of insect ovaries, called ovarioles, to deduce systems-level gene regulatory relationships from quantitative functional genetic analysis. We previously showed that Hippo signalling, a conserved regulator of animal organ size, regulates ovariole number in Drosophila melanogaster. To comprehensively determine how Hippo signalling interacts with other pathways in this regulation, we screened all known signalling pathway genes, and identified Hpo-dependent and Hpo-independent signalling requirements. Network analysis of known protein-protein interactions among screen results identified independent gene regulatory sub-networks regulating one or both of ovariole number and egg laying. These sub-networks predict involvement of previously uncharacterised genes with higher accuracy than the original candidate screen. This shows that network analysis combining functional genetic and large-scale interaction data can predict function of novel genes regulating development.

A new series of quinoline based aurones 7(a–n) has been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal and antiquorum sensing activities. These novel aurones have been prepared directly from 2‐chloro‐1‐(2,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethan‐1‐one in one pot, by reacting it with differently substituted 2‐chloroquinoline‐3‐carbaldehydes using activated barium hydroxide under solvent free grinding conditions. Structures of these novel aurones are in agreement with their IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and HRMS data. Some of these compounds have attributed a significant antiquorum sensing activity.

No abstract

Purpose -In the context of the Indian subcontinent, aims to examine the suitability of using microfinance for natural disaster risk reduction at the household and community level, and also of delivering it in the wake of a natural disaster. Design/methodology/approach -Explains microfinance strategies comprising: diversifying income source; designing new loan products; risk management; sustainability of microfinance institutions post-disaster; liquidity management post-disaster, etc. Findings -States that microfinance should be recognized as one of a series of measures within a disaster risk management strategy. Along with eco-friendly farming it can help overcome poverty in developing countries. Originality/value -Probably the first real attempt to explore the importance of microfinance interventions in natural disasters both at the personal level and generally.