To promote health equity among Black youth exposed to community violence, it is critical that psychologists partner with other health care professionals and communities with lived experience to explicitly address anti-Black racism and historical trauma as fundamental contributors to violence-related health inequities. This article describes our community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to develop practices for hospital-based violence intervention programs that mitigate violence-related health inequities among Black youth. Current conceptualizations of trauma-related symptoms among Black youth exposed to community violence often fail to consider the role of anti-Black racism and historical trauma in creating and maintaining traumatic stress. Our CBPR formative studies highlight the importance of and priorities to address community violence within the context of anti-Black racism and historical trauma. In describing our process and developed tools and practices, we aim to highlight the important contributions psychologists can make through interdisciplinary and community partnerships to advance health equity. Public Significance StatementCulturally and contextually responsive models of care are needed to mitigate violencerelated health inequities among Black youth. Through interdisciplinary communitypartnered research, psychologists have the opportunity to develop innovative practices and models of care to achieve health equity.
Structural racism inflicts a disproportionate burden of stress and trauma within Black communities, resulting in physical and mental health inequities that impact Black youth. Yet few multilevel interventions exist to address these deeply rooted inequities from a preventive standpoint, and even fewer are informed by the participatory input of the impacted communities. To bridge these gaps, we developed a community-based prevention strategy that promotes agency and active resistance to structural racism, Youth Empowered Advocating for Health (YEAH), and implemented it across various settings. We outline the development, implementation, and expansion of YEAH as a tool for promoting optimal health among Black communities. Lastly, we discuss lessons learned and offer a framework outlining key principles for prevention scientists to partner with Black youth and engage them in translational science to address structural racism. This framework is aimed at driving policies, practices, and procedures that promote equitable and sustainable change for and with Black communities.
Background: Migration has played, and continues to play, an important role in shaping our global economy. As of 2017, there were 258 million international migrants worldwide, over 100 million of whom came from the Asia-Pacific region. Migration is increasingly recognized as a social determinant of health, as migrants often experience vulnerabilities that make them susceptible to a range of negative health outcomes. Addressing the health and human rights concerns of migrants requires concerted and global efforts from many stakeholders, including universities. Methods: The Global Health Program of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU), a non-profit network of more than 50 universities in the region, is an example of an avenue to foster research, innovation, collaborative engagement, and large-scale advocacy around migration and health. In 2017, a special half-day workshop was held in Manila, convening 167 participants from 10 economies and 21 disciplines. The goal of the workshop was to delineate the role of universities in promoting migrant health and well-being. The global health experts from a diverse set of backgrounds collaboratively developed a policy statement to be used to better address migrant health and human rights. The objective of this paper is to disseminate the policy statement, highlighted specific action items that universities can take to protect and promote migrant health. Results: The Manila Declaration on Migration and Health highlights that universities must ensure that their campuses are safe, supportive, and empowering environments for all migrants and their families. Universities are also urged to capitalize on their educational and research expertise to generate data on migrant experiences and communicate this research to policymakers. Conclusions: This commentary highlights how institutions of higher education can serve as powerful avenues for promoting migrant health and human rights. Universities can play a vital role in building awareness and sensitivity to migrant challenges and needs, as well as helping to develop policy frameworks appropriate to their diverse contexts to guide, promote, and reinforce commitment to migrant rights and health. Universities should also ensure that their campuses are safe, supportive, and empowering environments for all migrants and their families.
Statement of purpose Due to cultural and psychosocial barriers, immigrant women prefer to exhaust informal resources, including religious leaders, before seeking professional help for intimate partner violence (IPV). Based on research and theory, we used Intervention Mapping to create a virtual simulation training (4 modules, 20 minutes each) for Korean American religious leaders on primary, secondary, and tertiary IPV prevention in their congregation. This presentation discusses the challenges that the COVID-19 pandemic presented to study participation and the evaluation of this intervention. Methods/Approach During 2020, we evaluated the intervention in a randomized trial (n=100) using online surveys (baseline, 3-month, 6-month). When the first stay-at-home order was issued in mid-March, 95% of participants had finished the baseline survey. However, 53% of the intervention group was still completing the intervention with others at various study stages. The 6-month survey included questions about the impact of COVID-19. Results The online survey and intervention facilitated participation in the study-47%, and some participants had extra time because church services were closed-27%. However, COVID-19 had numerous adverse effects on program participation and emotional functioning: difficulty answering application questions due to lack of interaction with parishioners-33%, being too busy to participate fully-11%, overwhelmed-23%, uncertain about their church's future-51%, financial strain-30%, unable to invite community organizations to educate the congregation on family violence-60%, reduced opportunities to apply new skills learned from the intervention-45%. Conclusions The virtual simulation and online data collection facilitated the trial's completion, but the toll of the pandemic reduced opportunities to demonstrate new skills. Significance Online interventions and evaluations are a safe way to deliver an intervention during a pandemic. The information gathered about the pandemic's emotional and practical impact was fundamental to understanding the program's impact.
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