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Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is one of the causes of neonatal infection and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. The study was aimed to reveal frequency and outcome of pneumonia among hospitalized sick newborn of neonatal intensive care unit. Methodology: This observational study was carried out in the NICU of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) on 94 neonates with the diagnosis of pneumonia admitted from July 2012 to June 2014. All studied neonates were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, routine investigations, chest radiography and blood culture and sensitivity. Results: Incidence of neonatal pneumonia was 43% among admitted neonates with respiratory distress. Mean birth weight and gestational age were 2392±854 and 33±3.9 weeks respectively. Of enrolled infants with pneumonia, 38 (40.4%) were early onset, 24 (25%) were hospital acquired pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia was documented in 14 (14.8 %) and the rest 18 (19%) were ventilator associated pneumonia. Blood culture was positive in 18 (19%) of cases with neonatal pneumonia; most common pathogen isolated was acinetobacter. Mean duration of hospital stay was 19±8 days. Most of the neonatal pneumonia were cured 72 (76%) with therapy, whereas 17 (18%) died during their hospital course. Conclusion: Overall incidence among admitted sick neonates was 8.4% which constituted 34% of distressed neonate. Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (3) :112-117

Diversity of clinical presentation of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) gives a diagnostic challenge to the practicing physicians. In recent years there have been dramatic advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these fatal diseases, which shows improved prognosis of many of these conditions. The need for screening for IEM arises out of the fact that most cases take to irreversible effects as time progresses. Here, the main challenge is to recognize the early signs and symptoms that are also common to sick infants with other diseases. We describe a 32-day-old female infant who was finally diagnosed as a case of IEM (organic acidemia).The baby had a history of multiple neonatal intensive care unit admission. She died during her last hospital admission. The purpose of our case presentation is to provide clues to the true nature of the disease and to make physicians aware about the possibility of IEM.How to cite this articleMosleh T, Dey SK, Mannan MA. A Case of Organic Acidemia: Are Physicians Aware Enough? Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(1):89-90.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is typical enterovirus that may cause liver damage. This infection may vary in intensity from a few weeks of moderate sickness to many months of severe illness. It may sometimes lead to liver failure and death, especially in individuals with a preexisting health condition or a compromised immune system. Hepatitis A infection is most common in children in developing countries. A very tiny percentage of those who have hepatitis A may die from fulminant hepatitis or extrahepatic manifestations. One of the main causes of liver damage is an adverse drug reaction, which may require withdrawing the offending medication, being hospitalized, or even undergoing liver transplantation. The most frequent cause of acute liver failure is, in fact, drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Acetaminophen is usually used in mild analgesic or antipyretic with in-dose limitations. Use of Acetaminophen during a prodromal period of Hepatitis A may induce acute liver failure from which mild ascites and pleural effusion may develop. There have been isolated cases of these pediatric Hepatitis A symptoms occurring in isolation, but it is highly unusual for them to coexist. In this article, a young boy with Hepatitis A infection is described who had both of these pleural effusions and ascites at the same time. Hepatitis A in children with drug-induced consequences such as liver failure is carefully treated. First-care clinicians must be aware of paracetamol-induced juvenile hepatitis extrahepatic symptoms. This article recommends before fever therapy cause of fever should be excluded. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, July 2022;16(2):72-75