Objective: The objective of this present study was to understand how children and adolescents perceive esthetic attractiveness of a variety of orthodontic appliances. It also analyzed preferences according to patients' age, sex and socioeconomic status. Methods: A photograph album consisting of eight photographs of different orthodontic appliances and clear tray aligners placed in a consenting adult with pleasing smile was used. A sample of children or adolescents aged between 8 and 17 years old (n = 276) was asked to rate each image for its attractiveness on a visual analog scale. Comparisons between the appliances attractiveness were performed by means of nonparametric statistics with Friedman's test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison post-hoc test. Correlation between appliances and individuals' socioeconomic status, age, sex, and esthetic perception was assessed by means of Spearman's correlation analysis. Results: Attractiveness ratings of orthodontic appliances varied nonsignificantly for children in the following hierarchy: traditional metallic brackets with green elastomeric ligatures > traditional metallic brackets with gray elastomeric ligatures > sapphire esthetic brackets; and for adolescents, as follows: sapphire esthetic brackets > clear aligner without attachments > traditional metallic brackets with green elastomeric ligatures. The correlation between individuals' socioeconomic status and esthetic perception of a given appliance was negative and statistically significant for appliances such as the golden orthodontic brackets and traditional metallic brackets with green elastomeric ligatures. Conclusion: Metal appliances were considered very attractive, whereas aligners were classified as less attractive by children and adolescents. The correlation between esthetic perception and socioeconomic status revealed that individuals with a higher socioeconomic level judged esthetics as the most attractive attribute. For those with higher economic status, golden orthodontic brackets and traditional metallic brackets with green elastomeric ligatures were assessed as the worst esthetic option.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the changes in the palate area after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with the Hyrax expander in growing subjects, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Fourteen patients (9 girls and 5 boys; mean age = 11.7 ± 2.4 years) who required RME as part of their orthodontic treatment were included in this study. CBCT records had been taken before RME treatment (T0), at the end of active expansion (T1) and after a 6-month retention period (T2). The CBCT scans were manipulated with Dolphin Imaging® version 11.7 Premium software, in which landmarks were positioned and measured in relation to sagittal, coronal and axial planes, to verify the palate surface area. In addition, linear measurements of the palatal depth and width were assessed. These measurements were compared by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. A p-value smaller than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The palatal surface area and width significantly increased from T0 to T1, respectively by 9.27% and 9.71%, and both decreased in a non-significant manner from T1 to T2. The palatal depth had non-significant differences at T0, T1 and T2. Conclusions: RME promotes a significant gain in the surface area of the palate and an increase in intermolar width. The Hyrax appliance was effective for the treatment of maxillary atresia in growing patients. There was no vertical alteration of the palate. After a 6-month retention period, the maxilla transverse dimension and the surface area of the palate remained stable.

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus (DM) caracteriza-se como uma doença crônica não transmissível (DCNT) na qual o corpo não produz ou não consegue utilizar de maneira eficaz um hormônio chamado insulina, que é responsável por controlar a quantidade de glicose existente na corrente sanguínea. como método para evitar as complicações causadas por essa comorbidade o governo federal implementou a estratégia de saúde da família, que no ano de 2020 precisou fazer alterações no seu atendimento à população devido a pandemia causada pelo Sar-Cov-2. Objetivo: o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar qual influência a pandemia causou nos índices glicêmicos dos pacientes portadores de DM. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo de natureza quantiqualitativa, desenvolvida em uma Estratégia da Saúde da Família localizada na Zona Norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro realizada com 10 enfermeiros lotados na unidade realizando uma busca nos prontuários e exames de hemoglobina glicada para identificarmos as alterações causadas pela pandemia. Para análise de conteúdo utilizou-se metodologia de Bardin. Resultado e Discussão: foram analisados 213 prontuários que fizeram parte dos critérios de inclusão, e todos apresentaram alteração dos índices glicêmicos. Conclusão: A atenção primária à saúde e suas equipes multidisciplinares são de extrema importância para a prevenção de agravos e promoção das doenças, da Saúde, isso ficou evidente no cuidado que as equipes tiveram para tratar dos sintomáticos respiratórios e das demais patologias e enquanto profissionais da saúde devemos sempre colocar o bem comunitário na frente de valores econômicos, e respeitar os indicadores epidemiológicos.

BackgroundThe Herbst appliance is an orthodontic appliance that is used for the correction of class II malocclusion with skeletal discrepancies. Research has shown that this is effective. However, a potential harm is excessive protrusion of the lower front teeth. This is associated with gingival recession, loss of tooth support, and root resorption. This trial evaluates a method of reducing this problem.Methods/DesignThe study is a single-center, randomised, assessor-blinded, superiority clinical trial with parallel 1:1 allocation. Male and female young people (10–14 years old) with prominent front teeth (class II, division 1) will be treated in one orthodontic clinic. Group 1 will be treated with the conventional Herbst appliance with dental anchorage and group 2 with the Herbst appliance with indirect skeletal anchorage for 12 months. The primary objective will be to compare the proclination of the lower incisors between the Herbst appliance with dental anchorage and skeletal anchorage. Secondary objectives will be to evaluate the changes occurring between the groups in the mandible, maxilla, lower and upper molars, and in gingival recession and root resorption at the end of the treatment. Additionally, the young patient’s experience using the appliances will be assessed. The primary outcome measure will be the amount of lower incisor proclination at the end of treatment. This will be assessed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) superimposition. Secondary outcome measures will be the changes in the mandible, maxilla, lower and upper molars at the end of treatment assessed by tomography superimposition and the young patient’s experience using the appliances assessed by self-reported questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The randomisation method will be blocked randomisation, using software to generate a randomised list. The allocation concealment will be done in opaque envelopes numbered from 1 to 40 containing the treatment modality. The randomisation will be implemented by the secretary of the Department of Orthodontics of Rio de Janeiro State University before the beginning of the study. The patients and the orthodontists who will treat the patients cannot be blinded, as they will know the type of appliance used. The technician who will take the CBCT image and the data analyst will be blinded to patients’ group allocation.DiscussionIf this new intervention is effective, the findings can change orthodontic practice and may also be relevant to other forms of treatment in which appliances are fixed to the bones of the jaws. However, if the bone anchoring is not effective, the trial will provide much needed information on the use of this comparatively new development.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, protocol ID: NCT0241812. Registered on 26 March 2015.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2297-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar, in vitro, o atrito gerado por ligaduras elásticas com cobertura polimérica com ligaduras convencionais. Foram testados três calibres de fio: 0.020", 0.019" x 0.025" and 0.019" x 0.026 ". Foram confeccionadas duas placas de acrílico, onde emu ma placa foi colado um bráquete de incisivo central superior e na outra placa foi feito uma canaleta onde os fios ortodônticos eram fixados. As placas de acrílico foram fixadas e reguladas em uma máquina de ensaio de tração de maneira que o fio fosse fixado ao bráquete sem nenhuma angulação. Para cada fio foram testadas 10 ligaduras de cada tipo. Os fios foram tracionados pelo slot do bráquete a uma distância de 5mm com uma velocidade constante de 5mm/min. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados pelo teste t de Student com significância de p<0.05, e revelaram a existência de diferenças significativas entre as forces geradas para cada caliber de fio. As ligaduras convencionais sem cobertura polimérica geraram forças significantemente maiores que as ligaduras com cobertura polimérica. As ligaduras com cobertura polimérica geraram menor atrito que as ligaduras convencionais em todos os calibres de fio avaliados, sugerindo que este tipo de ligaduras pode ser usado como escolha nas mecânicas de distalização.