BackgroundThe only treatment for celiac disease is the gluten-free diet. Few studies have assessed the nutritional adequacy of this diet, especially of B vitamins related to homocysteine metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and serum concentrations of B vitamins involved in homocysteine metabolism, and to determine whether the dietary intake of these vitamins are meeting Dietary Reference Intakes in celiac patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 20 celiac patients (36.3 ± 13.7 years old; 65 % women), following strict gluten-free diet (GFD) and 39 healthy controls matched by sex and age. The dietary intake was assessed by 3-day food records, and serum concentrations of homocysteine and vitamins B6, B12, and folate were determined after overnight fasting. Comparisons between the two groups were performed by Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney U-test, for continuous variables. Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. An alpha level of 5 % were considered significant.ResultsCeliac patients had lower serum folate concentrations (7.7 ± 3.5 ng/mL, P < 0.05) than controls. All celiac patients had folate intake below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) (130.8 ± 53.6 μg/d). However, only a small proportion of celiac patients had hyperhomocysteinemia.ConclusionsCeliac patients treated with GFD presented inadequacy of dietary folate intake and low-serum concentrations of folate, suggesting that more attention should be given to the quality of the nutrients offered by the GFD, as it constitutes a lifelong treatment.
Introdução: A precocidade no início do tabagismo e consumo de bebida alcoólica, associados ou não ao excesso de peso, são considerados fatores de risco modificáveis para doenças crônicas, como as cardiovasculares e o câncer. Quando ocorrem concomitantemente, elevam a probabilidade de desenvolvimento dessas doenças. Objetivos: Diante desses pressupostos, objetivou-se avaliar a influência do tabagismo e do consumo de bebida alcoólica sobre a composição corporal de jovens. Método: Estudo transversal, analítico e descritivo com 68 voluntários, fumantes e não fumantes, entre 18 a 26 anos, de três instituições de ensino superior, quatro de ensino médio, dois cursos pré-vestibulares e dois cursos técnicos do município de Viçosa (MG), Brasil. Resultados: Entre as medidas de composição corporal, o índice de massa corpórea, circunferência da cintura e relação cintura/quadril foram maiores entre os fumantes do sexo masculino (p<0,05). Além disso, os fumantes consumiram bebidas alcoólicas mais frequentemente que os não fumantes do mesmo sexo. O peso e relação cintura/quadril apresentaram correlação positiva (p<0,05) com o número de cigarros fumados por dia. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que jovens do sexo masculino tabagistas apresentaram associação positiva com pelo menos três dos fatores de riscos para doenças crônicas, o que indica um prejuízo imediato sobre a saúde, devido ao uso abusivo dessas substâncias nessa fase.
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